30 Questions
What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
Energy storage and release
What is the role of chlorophyll in chloroplasts?
Absorbing light energy
What is the primary component of the cell walls of fungi?
Chitin
What is the function of the cytoskeleton in cells?
Providing structural support and shape
What is the process by which light energy is converted into chemical energy?
Photosynthesis
What is the function of flagella in cells?
Cell movement
What is the primary difference between an epidemic and a pandemic disease?
Epidemics occur in a particular region, while pandemics occur globally
What is the term for the ability of a pathogen to cause disease?
Virulence
Which of the following is a factor pertaining to the host?
Health status
What is the term for the method by which a pathogen is spread from one host to another?
Mode of transmission
Which of the following is NOT a component of the chain of infection?
Nutritional status
What is the term for the place where a pathogen lives and multiplies?
Reservoir of infection
What is the term for the process by which the entire virus enters the host cell, sometimes through phagocytosis?
Penetration
What type of viruses are formed when viruses escape from host cells through budding?
Enveloped viruses
What is the purpose of antiviral agents?
To treat viral infections
What is the term for the process by which the viral genome is expressed, resulting in the production of viral components?
Biosynthesis
What is the characteristic of latent virus infections?
The virus is able to hide from the host's immune system
What is the outcome of a viral infection that escapes from the host cell through lysis?
The host cell dies
What type of anaerobes are bacteria in the colon?
All of the above
What is the primary function of microbial antagonism?
Prevention of other microbes from becoming established
Which of the following is NOT a cause of urethral infections?
E. coli
What is the primary function of colicin produced by E. coli?
Production of antibiotics
Which of the following is an example of an opportunistic pathogen?
All of the above
What is the benefit of indigenous microflora to humans?
They provide vitamins K and B12
What type of infections occur when two or more microorganisms work together to cause a disease?
All of the above
What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and cyanobacteria in elemental cycles?
To convert nitrogen into ammonia
What is the term for the use of biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products?
Biotechnology
Which of the following microorganisms are known to reside in soil?
A variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, viruses, and viroids
What is an example of a human pathogen that can be found in soil?
All of the above
What is one of the industries in which microorganisms are used?
Production of certain foods and beverages
Learn about the energy necessary for cellular function, the role of ATP molecules, and the importance of mitochondria and plastids in cellular respiration. Test your knowledge on how cells generate energy!
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