Cellular Energy and ATP

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

  • Cell movement
  • Protein synthesis
  • Energy storage and release (correct)
  • Photosynthesis

What is the role of chlorophyll in chloroplasts?

  • Absorbing light energy (correct)
  • Storing ATP molecules
  • Synthesizing carbohydrates
  • Breaking down proteins

What is the primary component of the cell walls of fungi?

  • Chitin (correct)
  • Cellulose
  • Starch
  • Glycogen

What is the function of the cytoskeleton in cells?

<p>Providing structural support and shape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which light energy is converted into chemical energy?

<p>Photosynthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of flagella in cells?

<p>Cell movement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between an epidemic and a pandemic disease?

<p>Epidemics occur in a particular region, while pandemics occur globally (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of a pathogen to cause disease?

<p>Virulence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor pertaining to the host?

<p>Health status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the method by which a pathogen is spread from one host to another?

<p>Mode of transmission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the chain of infection?

<p>Nutritional status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the place where a pathogen lives and multiplies?

<p>Reservoir of infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the entire virus enters the host cell, sometimes through phagocytosis?

<p>Penetration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of viruses are formed when viruses escape from host cells through budding?

<p>Enveloped viruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of antiviral agents?

<p>To treat viral infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the viral genome is expressed, resulting in the production of viral components?

<p>Biosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of latent virus infections?

<p>The virus is able to hide from the host's immune system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of a viral infection that escapes from the host cell through lysis?

<p>The host cell dies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of anaerobes are bacteria in the colon?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of microbial antagonism?

<p>Prevention of other microbes from becoming established (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of urethral infections?

<p>E. coli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of colicin produced by E. coli?

<p>Production of antibiotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an opportunistic pathogen?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of indigenous microflora to humans?

<p>They provide vitamins K and B12 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infections occur when two or more microorganisms work together to cause a disease?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and cyanobacteria in elemental cycles?

<p>To convert nitrogen into ammonia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the use of biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products?

<p>Biotechnology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following microorganisms are known to reside in soil?

<p>A variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, viruses, and viroids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a human pathogen that can be found in soil?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the industries in which microorganisms are used?

<p>Production of certain foods and beverages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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