Cellular Cycle and Cell Phases

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Questions and Answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

  • S Phase (correct)
  • G1 Phase
  • G2 Phase
  • M Phase

The G0 phase is a period of active cell growth and division.

False (B)

What is the main event that occurs during the M phase of the cell cycle?

Cell division

The stage where the nucleolus begins to disappear is the __ phase.

<p>G1</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the phases of mitosis with their descriptions:

<p>Prophase = Chromosomes condense and become visible. Metaphase = Chromosomes align at the equatorial plate. Anaphase = Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles. Telophase = Nuclear envelope reforms around separated chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate outcome of M phase in the cell cycle?

<p>Generation of two genetically identical cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cytokinesis is part of the M phase and involves the division of the cytoplasm.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During what phase of the cell cycle are organelles and proteins synthesized?

<p>G2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chromosomes condense during the ______ phase of mitosis.

<p>prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the key event in Anaphase?

<p>Sister chromatid separation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The G1 phase is primarily for DNA synthesis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the centrosomes during the S phase?

<p>Duplication</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of genetic material condensing happens during the ______ phase.

<p>G1</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each phase with its key process:

<p>G1 = Cell growth S = DNA replication G2 = Organelle synthesis M = Cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cells pausing or exiting the cycle, often described as a 'waiting' period?

<p>G0 Phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Telophase is the first phase of mitosis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the genetic material during metaphase?

<p>Alignment at the equatorial plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

The division of the cytoplasm, known as ______, typically follows telophase.

<p>cytokinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary activity during the G2 (Gap 2) phase of the cell cycle?

<p>Protein and Organelle Synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the cell cycle phase to its description

<p>Prophase = The nuclear membrane disappears. Metaphase = The chromosomes are aligned in the middle of the cell. S phase = The DNA is duplicated. Cytokinesis = The cytoplasm divides, creating two daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Cycle

A series of stages a cell goes through, including growth, DNA replication, and division, to produce new cells.

G1 Phase

Cell growth, nucleolus starts to disappear, and genetic material condenses.

G0 Phase

Mature cells enter a "waiting" period; cells can return to the cycle.

S Phase

DNA replication, centrosomes duplicated.

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G2 Phase

Growth, protein synthesis, and organization of cellular components.

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M Phase

Nuclear division process that creates two genetically identical cells; includes stages like Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

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Prophase

The breakdown of the nuclear envelope, and condensation of chromosomes.

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Metaphase

Chromosomes align along the middle of the dividing cell.

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Anaphase

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.

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Telophase

Two new nuclei form, one at each end of the dividing cell.

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Cytokenisis

Splitting of the cell to produce two new identical cells

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Study Notes

  • Cellular cycle

Phases

  • Includes M, G1, G0, S, G2 phases

Phase M

  • Includes 5 sub-phases
  • Generates two genetically identical cells

Phase G1

  • Involves cell growth.
  • Nucleolus starts to disappear
  • Genetic material condenses

Phase G0

  • Mature cells enter a "waiting" period
  • Includes mother cells
  • There's no cellular growth, but some cells can re-enter the cycle

Phase S

  • Genetic material and centrosomes duplicate

Phase G2

  • Represents the second growth phase.
  • Involves synthesis of organelles and proteins
  • Includes organization of cellular components

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