Cellular Adaptations and Pathology
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a decrease in cell size, often due to decreased workload or inadequate nutrition?

  • Metaplasia
  • Hypertrophy
  • Hyperplasia
  • Atrophy (correct)
  • What is the term for a reversible change in cell type, often in response to chronic irritation or inflammation?

  • Hypertrophy
  • Hyperplasia
  • Dysplasia
  • Metaplasia (correct)
  • What is the term for unprogrammed cell death, often due to injury, infection, or toxins?

  • Autolysis
  • Necrosis (correct)
  • Apoptosis
  • Dysplasia
  • What is the term for a rapid, self-limiting response to tissue injury or infection?

    <p>Acute inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the restoration of tissue architecture and function?

    <p>Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a prolonged, persistent response to tissue injury or infection?

    <p>Chronic inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cellular Adaptations

    • Atrophy: decrease in cell size, often due to decreased workload or inadequate nutrition
    • Hypertrophy: increase in cell size, often due to increased workload or hormonal stimulation
    • Hyperplasia: increase in cell number, often due to hormonal stimulation or chronic irritation
    • Metaplasia: reversible change in cell type, often in response to chronic irritation or inflammation
    • Dysplasia: disorderly growth and maturation of cells, often precancerous

    Cellular Injury

    • Reversible injury: cell damage that can be repaired, often due to hypoxia, toxins, or infection
      • Characterized by cellular swelling, fatty change, and disruption of cellular organelles
    • Irreversible injury: cell damage that leads to cell death, often due to severe or prolonged injury
      • Characterized by cellular necrosis, apoptosis, or autolysis

    Cell Death

    • Necrosis: unprogrammed cell death, often due to injury, infection, or toxins
      • Characterized by cellular swelling, rupture, and inflammation
    • Apoptosis: programmed cell death, often due to genetic regulation or cellular stress
      • Characterized by cellular shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and phagocytosis

    Inflammation

    • Acute inflammation: rapid, self-limiting response to tissue injury or infection
      • Characterized by increased blood flow, increased permeability, and white blood cell infiltration
    • Chronic inflammation: prolonged, persistent response to tissue injury or infection
      • Characterized by tissue damage, scarring, and ongoing inflammation

    Repair and Regeneration

    • Repair: restoration of tissue architecture and function
      • Characterized by fibrosis, scar formation, and tissue remodeling
    • Regeneration: replacement of damaged tissue with new tissue
      • Characterized by stem cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of cellular adaptations, injury, death, inflammation, and repair/regeneration processes. Learn about the different types of cellular changes and responses to injury or infection.

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