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the cellular basis of life

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

To provide a medium for chemical reactions

To separate the cell's interior from its surrounding environment (correct)

To store genetic material

To synthesize proteins

What is the common feature among all cells?

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes (correct)

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Cell wall and plasma membrane

Lysosomes and centrioles

What is the approximate composition of ribosomes?

60% RNA and 40% protein (correct)

80% RNA and 20% protein

90% RNA and 10% protein

50% RNA and 50% protein

What is the purpose of the universal genetic code?

To define the correspondence between amino acids and codons in mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cytoplasm?

To provide a medium for chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the most recent common ancestor of all life on Earth?

LUCA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ribosomes in living systems?

To synthesize proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of ribosomes?

RNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleolus in eukaryotic cells?

Ribosome synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which cells take in external molecules through vesicle formation?

Endocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysosomes in animal cells?

Breaking down excess or worn-out cell parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Storage of waste or pigments Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mitochondria in cells?

Oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which cells release molecules outside the cell through vesicle fusion?

Exocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of endocytosis that involves the engulfment of large particles or cells?

Phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers