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Questions and Answers
What term is used for a plant that grows on another plant and takes nutrients from it?
What term is used for a plant that grows on another plant and takes nutrients from it?
- Predator
- Parasite (correct)
- Host
- Insectivorous
What feature of the pitcher plant helps trap insects?
What feature of the pitcher plant helps trap insects?
- Leaves
- Flowers
- Hairs (correct)
- Roots
Why do insectivorous plants, despite being green, eat insects?
Why do insectivorous plants, despite being green, eat insects?
- They only grow in water
- They cannot photosynthesize
- They lack sunlight
- They need additional nutrients (correct)
What is the modified part of the plant called that traps insects in the pitcher plant?
What is the modified part of the plant called that traps insects in the pitcher plant?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of insectivorous plants?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of insectivorous plants?
What type of nutrients do insectivorous plants primarily seek from insects?
What type of nutrients do insectivorous plants primarily seek from insects?
What is the process called that allows plants to make their own food?
What is the process called that allows plants to make their own food?
Which term describes organisms that cannot make their own food?
Which term describes organisms that cannot make their own food?
Where do plants primarily synthesize their food?
Where do plants primarily synthesize their food?
What do plants absorb from the soil to aid in food production?
What do plants absorb from the soil to aid in food production?
Which of the following is NOT a nutrient required by living organisms?
Which of the following is NOT a nutrient required by living organisms?
What type of nutrition do plants exhibit?
What type of nutrition do plants exhibit?
What is the main purpose of nutrients for living organisms?
What is the main purpose of nutrients for living organisms?
Which substance do plants take in from the air for photosynthesis?
Which substance do plants take in from the air for photosynthesis?
What is the function of chlorophyll in leaves?
What is the function of chlorophyll in leaves?
What structure in a cell contains the genetic material?
What structure in a cell contains the genetic material?
Which part of the plant is responsible for the absorption of water and minerals?
Which part of the plant is responsible for the absorption of water and minerals?
What role does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?
What role does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?
Which part of a plant primarily absorbs carbon dioxide?
Which part of a plant primarily absorbs carbon dioxide?
What is produced during photosynthesis that is essential for the survival of living organisms?
What is produced during photosynthesis that is essential for the survival of living organisms?
What is the primary product of photosynthesis?
What is the primary product of photosynthesis?
What is the outer boundary of a cell called?
What is the outer boundary of a cell called?
Which of the following is necessary for photosynthesis?
Which of the following is necessary for photosynthesis?
Which plants are designed to minimize water loss?
Which plants are designed to minimize water loss?
What does the photosynthesis equation represent?
What does the photosynthesis equation represent?
What term describes the process of plants making food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water?
What term describes the process of plants making food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water?
What do stomata regulate in plants?
What do stomata regulate in plants?
What happens to the oxygen produced during photosynthesis?
What happens to the oxygen produced during photosynthesis?
What is the purpose of the iodine test in the activity described?
What is the purpose of the iodine test in the activity described?
In addition to leaves, where else can photosynthesis occur in plants?
In addition to leaves, where else can photosynthesis occur in plants?
What causes leaves other than green to appear in various colors?
What causes leaves other than green to appear in various colors?
How do algae prepare their food?
How do algae prepare their food?
What do plants synthesize from carbohydrates?
What do plants synthesize from carbohydrates?
From where do plants obtain nitrogen?
From where do plants obtain nitrogen?
What is the mode of nutrition used by plants that do not have chlorophyll?
What is the mode of nutrition used by plants that do not have chlorophyll?
What does Cuscuta (Amarbel) do to obtain nutrients?
What does Cuscuta (Amarbel) do to obtain nutrients?
Why can’t plants absorb nitrogen from the air directly?
Why can’t plants absorb nitrogen from the air directly?
What role does chlorophyll play in algae?
What role does chlorophyll play in algae?
What is the primary mode of nutrition for fungi?
What is the primary mode of nutrition for fungi?
Why can't fungi make food through photosynthesis?
Why can't fungi make food through photosynthesis?
What do fungi secrete to aid in nutrient absorption?
What do fungi secrete to aid in nutrient absorption?
Where do fungi typically grow?
Where do fungi typically grow?
What happens when bread is left in a moist, warm place for a few days?
What happens when bread is left in a moist, warm place for a few days?
What are organisms that acquire nutrients through saprotrophic nutrition called?
What are organisms that acquire nutrients through saprotrophic nutrition called?
What is the observation on bread that indicates fungal growth?
What is the observation on bread that indicates fungal growth?
During which season do fungi often appear suddenly, especially on shoes left outside?
During which season do fungi often appear suddenly, especially on shoes left outside?
What do fertilizers and manures provide to the soil?
What do fertilizers and manures provide to the soil?
Which bacterium converts atmospheric nitrogen into a soluble form?
Which bacterium converts atmospheric nitrogen into a soluble form?
What is a symbiotic relationship?
What is a symbiotic relationship?
Which of the following is an example of a symbiotic relationship?
Which of the following is an example of a symbiotic relationship?
What role does the fungus play in lichens?
What role does the fungus play in lichens?
Which of the following plants typically has a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium?
Which of the following plants typically has a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium?
Which of the following fungi are known to cause diseases?
Which of the following fungi are known to cause diseases?
What can be done to protect items from fungal spoilage?
What can be done to protect items from fungal spoilage?
What is the process by which plants make their own food called?
What is the process by which plants make their own food called?
Which part of the plant primarily acts as the food factory?
Which part of the plant primarily acts as the food factory?
What are plants classified as in terms of nutrition?
What are plants classified as in terms of nutrition?
Which raw materials do plants use for photosynthesis?
Which raw materials do plants use for photosynthesis?
What type of organisms are dependent on plants for their food intake?
What type of organisms are dependent on plants for their food intake?
Where do plants absorb water and minerals necessary for food production?
Where do plants absorb water and minerals necessary for food production?
What is the definition of nutrition in plants?
What is the definition of nutrition in plants?
What distinguishes autotrophs from heterotrophs?
What distinguishes autotrophs from heterotrophs?
What type of nutrition do fungi utilize to absorb nutrients?
What type of nutrition do fungi utilize to absorb nutrients?
Which organisms are specifically referred to as saprotrophs?
Which organisms are specifically referred to as saprotrophs?
What is a common observation made with fungi on bread?
What is a common observation made with fungi on bread?
Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing fungal growth on materials like shoes?
Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing fungal growth on materials like shoes?
How do fungi differ from green plants in terms of nutrition?
How do fungi differ from green plants in terms of nutrition?
What happens to bread left in a warm moist environment for several days?
What happens to bread left in a warm moist environment for several days?
What is the role of digestive juices secreted by fungi?
What is the role of digestive juices secreted by fungi?
What type of environments do fungi thrive in?
What type of environments do fungi thrive in?
What do fertilizers and manures provide to the soil?
What do fertilizers and manures provide to the soil?
Why do plants require nitrogen?
Why do plants require nitrogen?
How do plants typically obtain nitrogen?
How do plants typically obtain nitrogen?
What is a characteristic of the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium bacteria and legumes?
What is a characteristic of the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium bacteria and legumes?
What role do fungi play in the symbiotic relationships with trees?
What role do fungi play in the symbiotic relationships with trees?
What do lichens consist of?
What do lichens consist of?
Which of the following is a benefit of using manure in soil?
Which of the following is a benefit of using manure in soil?
How can some fungi be beneficial despite some causing diseases?
How can some fungi be beneficial despite some causing diseases?
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Study Notes
Cells
- Cells are the tiny units that make up the bodies of living organisms.
- Cells can be seen only under a microscope.
- Some organisms are made of only one cell.
- A cell has a thin outer boundary called the cell membrane.
- Most cells have a distinct, centrally located spherical structure called the nucleus.
- The nucleus is surrounded by a jelly-like substance called cytoplasm.
Structure of a Leaf
- The tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves are surrounded by 'guard cells'.
- These pores are called stomata.
Photosynthesis
- Chlorophyll, a green pigment, helps leaves capture the energy of sunlight.
- This energy is used to synthesise food from carbon dioxide and water.
- Photosynthesis occurs in the presence of sunlight.
- Chlorophyll, sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water are necessary for photosynthesis.
- Sun is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms.
- Without photosynthesis, there would be no food, and survival of almost all living organisms would be impossible.
Colours of Leaves
- Leaves of colours other than green also have chlorophyll.
- Red, brown, and other pigments mask the green colour.
- Photosynthesis takes place in these leaves as well.
Algae
- Algae are green in colour due to the presence of chlorophyll.
- Algae can prepare their own food by photosynthesis.
Synthesis of Plant Food
- Carbohydrates are synthesised through photosynthesis.
- Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Nitrogen is essential for the synthesis of proteins and fats.
- Plants obtain nitrogen from the air, but it needs to be converted into a usable form.
- Soil bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into a soluble form, which is absorbed by plants.
Heterotrophic Mode of Nutrition
- Some plants do not have chlorophyll and cannot synthesise their own food.
- These plants use the heterotrophic mode of nutrition, relying on other plants for food.
Parasitic Plants
- Parasitic plants grow on other plants and take valuable nutrients from them.
- Examples include Cuscuta (Amarbel).
Insectivorous Plants
- Insectivorous plants eat insects to obtain nutrients.
- Pitcher plants have a modified part that traps insects and digests them.
- Insectivorous plants may receive some nutrients from the soil, but also obtain nutrients by eating insects.
Photosynthesis in Plants
- Photosynthesis occurs in leaves, green stems, and green branches.
- Desert plants have adapted to reduce water loss by transpiration.
How Photosynthesis Works
- Light energy is absorbed by plants.
- Carbon dioxide and water are absorbed by plants.
- Chlorophyll absorbs light energy.
- A chemical reaction converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
- Glucose is used by plants for energy and growth.
- Oxygen is released into the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis Equation
- Carbon dioxide + water → Carbohydrate + oxygen
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