Cells Flashcards

Study Notes

Cell Components and Their Functions

Cell Membrane: Forms the outer boundary of the cell; selectively permeable to regulate material movement in and out of the cell.
Cell Wall: A rigid outer structure present in plants, fungi, and some bacteria; provides support and protection to the cell.
Nucleus: The control center of the cell; houses DNA which contains genetic instructions.
Cytoplasm: Jellylike fluid inside the cell that holds organelles in suspension, assisting in cellular processes.
Mitochondria: Known as the powerhouse of the cell; organelle where energy production occurs through cellular respiration.
Chloroplasts: Organelles found in plant cells; capture sunlight to convert into chemical energy via photosynthesis.
Vacuole: Storage organelle within the cell; holds various materials, including water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Chromosomes: Threadlike structures composed of nucleic acids and proteins found in the nucleus; carry genetic information organized in the form of genes.
Lysosome: Organelles containing digestive enzymes; responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris for reuse.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The cell’s transportation network; facilitates the movement of materials throughout the cell.
Golgi Body/Complex/Apparatus: Packaging organelle that processes and prepares cell products for export outside the cell.
Ribosomes: Protein synthesis factories; convert amino acids into proteins essential for cell functions.
Cytoskeleton: A network of fibers that maintains cell shape, supports cellular structure, and aids in movement.

Description

Test your knowledge of cell structures with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential components such as the cell membrane, cell wall, and nucleus. Perfect for biology students looking to reinforce their understanding of cell biology.