Cell Theory and Functions of Life
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Questions and Answers

Which statement describes a fundamental aspect of the cell theory?

  • Cells can arise from spontaneous generation.
  • Cells are unaffected by their environment.
  • All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. (correct)
  • All cells must contain a nucleus.

Which function of life is primarily concerned with the removal of waste products?

  • Homeostasis
  • Nutrition
  • Excretion (correct)
  • Response

What is a common characteristic shared by all cells?

  • Uniform size and shape.
  • Dependence on external energy sources.
  • Presence of organelles for photosynthesis.
  • Surrounded by a membrane. (correct)

How does genetic material exist within a cell?

<p>It may be bound by a membrane or unbound in the cytoplasm. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is specifically associated with oxygen transport in the human body?

<p>Red blood cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Enzymes in a cell serve what primary role?

<p>They catalyze many of the cell's activities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes unicellular organisms from multicellular organisms?

<p>Their organization as a single cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes filamentous algae?

<p>Composed of individual cells in a chain-like structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nerve cells are primarily responsible for which function?

<p>Conducting electrical signals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the diversity of cells?

<p>Cells can vary in function, size, and organization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes a prokaryotic cell?

<p>It is filled entirely with cytoplasm. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of archaea?

<p>They are primarily found in extreme environments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain contains true bacteria?

<p>Domain Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes eubacteria from archaea?

<p>Eubacteria represent a diverse group including pathogens. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these bacteria is an example of a photo-synthesizer?

<p>Cyanobacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best defines a theory in scientific investigation?

<p>A system of ideas based on careful explanations of observations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a theory when serious discrepancies are found?

<p>It is discarded if predictions become unreliable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'cell diversity'?

<p>Cells differ in structure and function to perform various roles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In scientific terms, how are generalizations and predictions formed?

<p>Through the observation of trends that lead to conclusions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes atypical cells in relation to the cell theory?

<p>They display unique features that do not conform to usual specifications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of genetic material in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Cytoplasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Mostly unicellular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles is unique to eukaryotic cells?

<p>Golgi apparatus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

<p>Presence of membrane-bound organelles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate size of a red blood cell in micrometers?

<p>6 µm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shape is characteristic of a fat cell?

<p>Spherical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types is the largest based on the data provided?

<p>Monocyte (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape do bacillus bacteria exhibit?

<p>Rod-shaped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type has a long and branched structure resembling a tree?

<p>Nerve Cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Theory

All living things are made of cells, cells come from pre-existing cells, and cells are the basic unit of life.

Functions of Life

Essential activities for an organism to survive (nutrition, metabolism, growth, response, excretion, homeostasis, reproduction).

Cell Membrane

The outer layer surrounding every living cell.

Genetic Material

Stores instructions for cell activities.

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Cell Nucleus

Membrane-bound structure containing genetic material.

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Red blood cell function

Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body.

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Unicellular organism

An organism made of a single cell.

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Chlamydomonas size

Chlamydomonas is about 10 micrometers in size.

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Multicellular organization

Organisms made of many cells.

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Cell Diversity

Different cell types with different functions.

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Prokaryotic Cell

A type of cell that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and other internal compartments.

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Prokaryotic Cell Structure

Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm filled with ribosomes and enzymes, but no organized internal compartments.

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Prokaryotic Domains

Prokaryotic organisms are classified into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea.

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Bacteria Examples

Bacteria encompasses diverse organisms, including pathogens, beneficial symbionts & photosynthesizers.

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Archaea Characteristics

Archaea, while living in diverse environments, is mostly found in extreme environments, and none is pathogenic.

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Atypical Cell

A cell that deviates from the general characteristics of typical cells, often lacking a nucleus or exhibiting unusual structures or functions.

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Exceptions to a Theory

Cases that do not fit the general patterns or predictions made by a scientific theory.

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Scientific Investigation

The process of systematically observing, questioning, experimenting, and analyzing to gain knowledge about the natural world.

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Nucleoid

The region in a prokaryotic cell where the genetic material (DNA) is located. It's not enclosed within a membrane like the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.

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What are the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells are simpler, lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells are complex, possess a nucleus and have specialized internal structures.

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What are some examples of eukaryotic cells?

Examples of eukaryotic cells include animal cells, plant cells, fungal cells, and protist cells.

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Micrometer (µm)

A unit of measurement used to express the size of cells, typically very small, one millionth of a meter.

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Cell Size Variations

Different types of cells have different sizes, ranging from tiny bacteria to larger human cells like monocytes.

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Red Blood Cell Shape

Red blood cells are biconcave discs, meaning they are flattened in the middle and have a slightly indented center, allowing them to carry oxygen efficiently.

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Amoeba's Shape

An amoeba is a single-celled organism known for its irregular, constantly changing shape, allowing it to move and engulf food.

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Bacterial Shapes

Bacteria come in distinct shapes: bacillus (rod), coccus (sphere), spirillum (spiral), and vibrio (comma).

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Study Notes

The Cell Theory

  • All living things are made up of cells (one or more).
  • Cells can arise only by division from pre-existing cells.
  • The cell is the basic unit of life (the smallest living structure).

Functions of Life

  • The functions of life are things that all organisms must do to stay alive.
  • Nutrition
  • Metabolism
  • Growth
  • Response
  • Excretion
  • Homeostasis
  • Reproduction

Cell Theory

  • Cells vary in shape and size but share common features.
  • Every living cell is surrounded by a membrane.
  • A cell contains genetic materials which store all instructions needed for the cell's activities.
  • The genetic material may be bounded to form a nucleus or it may be unbound and scattered in the cytoplasm.
  • Many of the cell's activities are catalyzed by enzymes.
  • Cells have their own energy release system to power cellular activities.

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Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of cell theory and the essential functions that sustain life. This quiz covers the characteristics of cells, their structure, and the vital processes necessary for all living organisms. Test your knowledge on nutrition, metabolism, reproduction, and more!

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