Lecture 17

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What type of receptor directly phosphorylates and activates a member of the Smad class of TFs?

Receptors for TGF-beta family of signaling proteins (correct)

Receptors for Wnt proteins

Receptors for notch family of receptors

GPCRs

Which signaling pathway involves the release of its cytosolic domain into the nucleus to regulate gene expression?

Pathway A: GPCRs

Pathway B: TGF-beta family of signaling proteins

Pathway C: notch family of receptors (correct)

Pathway D: Wnt, hedgehog, IL

What is the key signaling molecule in the canonical Wnt pathway?

Smad

G protein

TF TCF

Beta-catenin (correct)

What regulates the stability of beta-catenin in the canonical Wnt pathway?

CK1 and GSK3 Signup and view all the answers

What induces phosphorylation of LRP cytosolic domain in the canonical Wnt pathway?

Binding of Wnt to receptors Signup and view all the answers

What happens to beta-catenin in the absence of Wnt signal in the canonical Wnt pathway?

It is degraded in proteasomes Signup and view all the answers

What can provide identity to cells and tissues in a highly specific manner?

TFs Signup and view all the answers

What can influence the expression of downstream TFs?

Differential binding of TFs to enhancer and suppressor regulatory elements Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the proper patterning, growth, and overall development of tissues and organs?

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) Signup and view all the answers

What activates the expression of a reporter gene in limb buds of developing mouse embryos?

Human SALL1 enhancer Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to activation of TFs?

Extracellular information Signup and view all the answers

What binds to phosphorylated residues on beta-catenin leading to its ubiquitination and degradation?

E3 (bTrCP) ubiquitin ligase Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the UAS/GAL4 system in the context of gene expression?

It allows overexpression of a gene in a temporally and spatially controlled manner Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the enhancer region in gene transcription?

It stimulates strong specific transcription of the reporter gene in limb buds Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of Pax6 expression in a fly?

Ectopic eyes form on legs and antennae Signup and view all the answers

What is the evolutionary conservation pattern of eye gene regulatory network (GRN) between mouse Pax6 and Drosophila ey?

Evolutionarily conserved expression pattern Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the conserved region containing an enhancer in the context of gene expression?

It stimulates strong specific transcription of the reporter gene in limb buds Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Pax6 gene in the development of various tissues?

Directs gene expression differentially in pancreas, lens, and cornea of the eye Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of GAL4 driven ectopic expression of ey in various tissues?

Formation of eye structures in various tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of orthologs of developmental genes like SALL1 in appendage development?

Important for appendage development from insects to humans Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the TFs in the context of gene expression in developing brain cells?

Bind to brain enhancer, stabilize RNA pol 2 at the promoter, and modify the nucleosome in the region of the promoter Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the expression of mouse Pax6 in a fly?

Ectopic eyes out of legs and antennae Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the double negative logic circuit in gene expression?

A single gene encodes a repressor of an entire battery of genes Signup and view all the answers

Lecture 17

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Questions and Answers

What type of receptor directly phosphorylates and activates a member of the Smad class of TFs?

Which signaling pathway involves the release of its cytosolic domain into the nucleus to regulate gene expression?

What is the key signaling molecule in the canonical Wnt pathway?

What regulates the stability of beta-catenin in the canonical Wnt pathway?

What induces phosphorylation of LRP cytosolic domain in the canonical Wnt pathway?

What happens to beta-catenin in the absence of Wnt signal in the canonical Wnt pathway?

What can provide identity to cells and tissues in a highly specific manner?

What can influence the expression of downstream TFs?

What is responsible for the proper patterning, growth, and overall development of tissues and organs?

What activates the expression of a reporter gene in limb buds of developing mouse embryos?

What can lead to activation of TFs?

What binds to phosphorylated residues on beta-catenin leading to its ubiquitination and degradation?

What is the function of the UAS/GAL4 system in the context of gene expression?

What is the role of the enhancer region in gene transcription?

What is the consequence of Pax6 expression in a fly?

What is the evolutionary conservation pattern of eye gene regulatory network (GRN) between mouse Pax6 and Drosophila ey?

What is the significance of the conserved region containing an enhancer in the context of gene expression?

What is the role of the Pax6 gene in the development of various tissues?

What is the consequence of GAL4 driven ectopic expression of ey in various tissues?

What is the role of orthologs of developmental genes like SALL1 in appendage development?

What is the role of the TFs in the context of gene expression in developing brain cells?

What is the consequence of the expression of mouse Pax6 in a fly?

What is the function of the double negative logic circuit in gene expression?

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