34 Questions
What is the patient's blood condition due to adrenal sufficiency?
Hypovolemic and hyponatremic
What type of fluid would you give to the patient to treat hypotension?
Isotonic
Where does the transcription process occur in the cell?
Nucleus
What is the result of a silent mutation?
No change in the amino acid sequence
What is the definition of a gene?
The functional unit of heredity
What is an example of a cause of genetic mutations?
Radiation exposure
What is the primary reason for cyanosis in a lifelong smoker with emphysema?
Impaired gas exchange in the lungs
Why is an infection more likely to occur after a scrape than when skin is intact?
The skin is exposed to bacteria after a scrape
What is the long-term risk to a part of the body with damaged nerve endings?
Difficulty moving the affected part
Why is a superficial papercut painful without bleeding?
The cut stimulates nerve endings
What is the primary reason for cyanosis in an elderly patient with chronic heart failure?
Weakened heart pumping blood
Why is the small child's skin blue in the cold pool?
Oxygen is not getting properly regulated through the blood
What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
To protect underlying structures and act as barriers
Which type of gland produces hormones that are released directly into the bloodstream?
Endocrine gland
What is the main function of connective tissue?
To provide structural support and connect tissues
What is the term for the process by which cells secrete substances through exocytosis?
Merocrine
What is the name of the type of tissue that can conduct electrical signals?
Nervous tissue
What is the term for the layer of cells that forms the innermost layer of the embryo?
Endoderm
What is the function of tight junctions in epithelial cells?
To form barriers and anchor cells to each other
What is the term for the type of fiber that fills spaces between tissues and organs?
Reticular fiber
What is the term for the process of inflammation in response to tissue damage?
Inflammation
What is the term for the cells that release chemicals in response to injury?
Mast cells
What is the main function of the plasma membrane?
Forms outer boundary of cell; controls what enters and leaves the cell
Which organelle is responsible for modifying, packaging, and distributing proteins and lipids for secretion or internal use?
Golgi apparatus
What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
Major sites of ATP synthesis when O2 is available
What is the function of the centrioles?
Serves as centers for microtubule formation; determine cell polarity during cell division
What is the main function of the nucleus?
Acts as the control center of cell; DNA within the nucleus regulates protein synthesis and chemical reactions of cell
What is the role of the cytoskeleton?
Provides structural support and shape to the cell
What is the primary function of chemical mediators in injured tissues?
To speed up the arrival of white blood cells and repair chemicals
What happens to the capillaries as a result of the release of chemical mediators?
They dilate and become more permeable
What is the result of increased capillary permeability in injured tissues?
Swelling and pain due to the exit of fluid and proteins from capillaries
What is the primary function of white blood cells in the process of inflammation?
To phagocytize bacteria and other debris
What is the difference between regeneration and replacement in the process of tissue repair?
Regeneration involves the formation of new cells of the same type as those that were destroyed, while replacement involves the formation of new cells of a different type
What is the final stage of the tissue repair process?
The replacement of granulosum tissue with new connective tissue that forms a scar
This quiz covers the different components of a cell, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, and their respective functions in the cell. Learn about the roles of each cellular component and how they contribute to the cell's overall functioning. Test your knowledge of cell biology and cellular processes.
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