Cell Structure and Function Quiz

The basic unit of life, a small, enclosed membrane-bound structure containing protoplasm.

All living things are composed of cells, cells come from pre-existing cells, and cells have similar chemical compositions.

A simple cell structure, lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

A complex cell structure with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

A microscope that uses light to magnify images, used in colleges to observe organelles.

A microscope that uses electrons to magnify images to see small structures.

An electron microscope that produces detailed 2D images of a specimen's internal structure.

An electron microscope that creates 3D images of a specimen's surface.

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.

The ability of a microscope to enlarge the appearance of a specimen.

A measure of a microscope's ability to distinguish two close objects as separate.

The scientist who first observed and named cells.

The scientist who built simple microscopes and observed single-celled organisms.

A classic experiment that demonstrated the possibility of creating amino acids from inorganic materials.

The liquid content of a cell, including the cytosol and organelles.

A thin, flexible barrier surrounding a cell, composed of a phospholipid bilayer and proteins; regulates what enters and exits the cell.

Two layers of phospholipids forming the basic structure of the cell membrane. These have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail.

Movement of molecules across a membrane without energy input; down the concentration gradient.

Movement of molecules across a membrane requiring energy; against the concentration gradient.

Process where the cell engulfs material by forming a vesicle.

Process where the cell releases material by fusing a vesicle with the membrane.

A network of protein fibers that maintain cell shape, support movement, and anchor organelles.

Hollow protein tubes that provide structural support and are involved in cell division and movement.

A network of proteins lining the inner membrane of the nucleus which provides structural support and regulates chromatin organization.

Membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes for breaking down waste and cellular debris.

A network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

A stack of flattened membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell.

Cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis.

The process of creating RNA from DNA.

The process of synthesizing proteins from RNA.

Structures that connect cells, ensuring their cohesion and communication.