Cell Structure and Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of proteins in the phospholipid bilayer?

Integral and peripheral proteins serve functions such as transport, receptor sites, and cell recognition.

How do carbohydrates contribute to cell-cell recognition and communication?

Carbohydrates, attached to proteins or lipids, aid in cell-cell recognition and communication.

Why are ribosomes important in cells?

Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, a fundamental cellular process.

Name one supportive organelle and its function.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for protein modification. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three principles of Cell Theory?

Cells are the basic unit of life, all living organisms are composed of one or more cells, all cells arise from pre-existing cells. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the functions of the Golgi Apparatus.

The Golgi Apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Mitochondria in the cell?

Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER).

Rough ER synthesizes proteins, while smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies substances. Signup and view all the answers

Define osmosis and provide an example from biological processes.

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. An example is water moving into cells. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions in terms of solute concentration and their effects on cells.

Hypotonic solutions have lower solute concentration than the cell, causing it to swell. Isotonic solutions have the same solute concentration as the cell, maintaining its shape. Hypertonic solutions have higher solute concentration than the cell, leading to cell shrinkage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion in terms of energy requirement and mechanism?

Active transport requires energy to move molecules against the concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion is a passive transport aided by transport proteins. Signup and view all the answers

How does endocytosis differ from exocytosis in terms of the direction of movement and the substances involved?

Endocytosis involves uptake of substances into the cell via vesicles, while exocytosis releases substances from the cell via vesicles. Signup and view all the answers