24 Questions
What is the key function of the cell plasma membrane?
Regulation of substances entering and leaving the cell
Which statement is part of the cell theory?
A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms.
What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have them.
What are the characteristics common to all cells?
Possession of genetic material and ability to replicate
Why do most cells require a microscope to be seen?
They are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
Which statement best describes the specialization of cells in our body?
Cell specialization allows each type to perform specific functions efficiently.
What is the main reason biologists use microscopes and biochemistry to study cells?
Because cells are usually too small to be seen by the naked eye
What is the main function of microvilli in the small intestine?
Increase surface area for absorption of nutrients
Which type of microscope is best suited for studying organelles in eukaryotic cells?
Transmission electron microscopes (TEMs)
What is the function of channel proteins in the plasma membrane?
Form tunnel for specific molecules
What is the measure of the clarity of an image in microscopy?
Resolution
Why do the polar heads of phospholipids in the plasma membrane face into the watery medium?
To form a hydrophobic barrier
Why do small cells have a larger surface-area-to-volume ratio?
To provide more surface area for exchange of materials
Which type of protein in the plasma membrane requires input of energy for the passage of molecules?
Transport proteins
What is the primary function of light microscopes (LMs) according to the text?
To magnify cells effectively up to 1,000 times their actual size
What is the function of receptor proteins in the plasma membrane?
Allow signal molecules to bind
What is the main reason electron microscopes (EMs) are used to study subcellular structures?
To achieve very high magnification levels (up to 2 million times)
Which feature marks the boundary between outside and inside of a cell?
Plasma membrane
What is the main function of junction proteins in cells?
Form junctions between cells for adhesion and communication
Which component of the cell serves as the site of protein synthesis?
Ribosomes
In terms of genetic material, what is a distinguishing feature between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have multiple chromosomes, while prokaryotic cells have only one chromosome
Which type of cell division is characteristic of somatic cells in eukaryotes?
Mitosis
What is a distinguishing feature in the size comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler compared to eukaryotic cells
Which of the following statements is true about membrane-bound organelles within a cell?
Only eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles
Test your knowledge on basic cell structure and functions such as adaptations to increase surface area, common features of all cells, and the plasma membrane's role in regulating material passage.
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