Cell Signaling and Signaling Molecules Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What happens when a signaling molecule binds to an ion channel-linked receptor?

  • It triggers apoptosis
  • It closes the ion channel pore
  • It opens the ion channel pore (correct)
  • It activates gene expression

    • What is the function of cell surface receptors?

  • Breaking down DNA
  • Receiving and transmitting signals (correct)
  • Producing signaling molecules
  • Regulating cellular temperature

    • Where are nuclear receptors located?

  • In the nucleus of the cell (correct)
  • On the cell membrane
  • In the cytoplasm of the cell
  • In the endoplasmic reticulum

    • What activates the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway?

    <p>Signaling molecules binding to a G protein-coupled receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of adenylate cyclase in the cAMP pathway?

    <p>Converts ATP to cAMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the cAMP pathway regulated?

    <p>By the concentration of signaling molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cAMP pathway regulate?

    <p>Cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of cytoplasmic receptors?

    <p>In the cytoplasm of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of phosphodiesterase in the cAMP pathway?

    <p>Breaks down cAMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the activity of phosphodiesterase is high?

    <p>Less cAMP is present in the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of protein kinase A (PKA) in the cAMP pathway?

    <p>Phosphorylates other proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of ion channel-linked receptors?

    <p>To open the ion channel pore when a signaling molecule binds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which cells communicate with each other?

    <p>Cell signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell signaling can occur over short or long distances?

    <p>Endocrine signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the molecules released by cells to communicate with other cells?

    <p>Signaling molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are receptors located for signaling molecules on the target cells?

    <p>On the cell membrane or inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of cell surface receptor?

    <p>G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of proteins are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)?

    <p>Transmembrane proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activates the G protein in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling?

    <p>Signaling molecule binding to GPCR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of domain do tyrosine kinase-linked receptors (TKs) have?

    <p>Tyrosine kinase domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is activated when a signaling molecule binds to a tyrosine kinase-linked receptor (TK)?

    <p>Tyrosine kinase domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do activated tyrosine kinase domains do in cell signaling?

    <p>Phosphorylate other proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the cell are receptors located for signaling molecules?

    <p>Cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the molecules that bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells?

    <p>Signaling molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

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