Cell Signaling and Signaling Molecules Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What happens when a signaling molecule binds to an ion channel-linked receptor?

  • It triggers apoptosis
  • It closes the ion channel pore
  • It opens the ion channel pore (correct)
  • It activates gene expression

What is the function of cell surface receptors?

  • Breaking down DNA
  • Receiving and transmitting signals (correct)
  • Producing signaling molecules
  • Regulating cellular temperature

Where are nuclear receptors located?

  • In the nucleus of the cell (correct)
  • On the cell membrane
  • In the cytoplasm of the cell
  • In the endoplasmic reticulum

What activates the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway?

<p>Signaling molecules binding to a G protein-coupled receptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of adenylate cyclase in the cAMP pathway?

<p>Converts ATP to cAMP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the cAMP pathway regulated?

<p>By the concentration of signaling molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the cAMP pathway regulate?

<p>Cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of cytoplasmic receptors?

<p>In the cytoplasm of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of phosphodiesterase in the cAMP pathway?

<p>Breaks down cAMP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the activity of phosphodiesterase is high?

<p>Less cAMP is present in the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of protein kinase A (PKA) in the cAMP pathway?

<p>Phosphorylates other proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of ion channel-linked receptors?

<p>To open the ion channel pore when a signaling molecule binds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which cells communicate with each other?

<p>Cell signaling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell signaling can occur over short or long distances?

<p>Endocrine signaling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the molecules released by cells to communicate with other cells?

<p>Signaling molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are receptors located for signaling molecules on the target cells?

<p>On the cell membrane or inside the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of cell surface receptor?

<p>G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of proteins are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)?

<p>Transmembrane proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What activates the G protein in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling?

<p>Signaling molecule binding to GPCR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of domain do tyrosine kinase-linked receptors (TKs) have?

<p>Tyrosine kinase domain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is activated when a signaling molecule binds to a tyrosine kinase-linked receptor (TK)?

<p>Tyrosine kinase domain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do activated tyrosine kinase domains do in cell signaling?

<p>Phosphorylate other proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the cell are receptors located for signaling molecules?

<p>Cell membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the molecules that bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells?

<p>Signaling molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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