Cell Membrane Flashcards

Study Notes

Cell Wall

A rigid outer layer found exclusively in plant cells.
Provides structural support and protection.

Cytoplasm

A gel-like fluid residing within the cell membrane.
Serves as the medium where organelles are suspended and metabolic activities occur.

Mitochondria

Known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency for various cellular functions.

Lysosomes

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes.
Responsible for breaking down food, cellular debris, and worn-out organelles.

Vacuoles

Storage sacs in the cell that hold food, water, waste products, and other materials.
Larger in plant cells, aiding in maintaining internal pressure.

Golgi Bodies

Function as the cell's packaging and distribution center.
Receives proteins and materials from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), modifies them, and sends them to their destination.

Chloroplasts

Unique to plant cells, these organelles capture sunlight.
Utilize solar energy to synthesize food through photosynthesis.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Network of membranes that assist in transporting proteins and other materials.
Two types: rough ER (with ribosomes) and smooth ER (without ribosomes), serving different functions in the cell.

Ribosomes

Molecular machines that assemble amino acids into proteins.
Can be found freely floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER.

Nucleus

The control center of the cell; houses genetic material (DNA).
Regulates cellular activities by controlling gene expression.

Nucleolus

Located within the nucleus, plays a crucial role in ribosome production.
Composed of proteins and RNA, facilitating the assembly of ribosomes.

Chromatin

Consists of DNA strands that are tightly coiled and stored within the nucleus.
Contains genetic information essential for directing cellular functions and heredity.

Description

This quiz features flashcards related to the cell membrane and its components. Key concepts such as the cell wall, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and lysosomes are covered. Ideal for students looking to enhance their understanding of cell biology.