Cell Membrane and Passive Transport

Questions and Answers

What is the main component of a cell membrane?

Carbohydrate

Lipid bilayer (correct)

Nucleic acid

Protein

What is the function of the hydrophilic heads in a lipid bilayer?

To provide structural support

To interact with water (correct)

To block the movement of particles

To facilitate active transport

What is the purpose of facilitated diffusion in a cell?

To synthesize proteins

To regulate the cell's pH

To move particles down their concentration gradient (correct)

To move particles against their concentration gradient

What is the name of the protein that facilitates the movement of chloride ions across the cell membrane?

Chloride channel Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the pocket in the chloride channel?

Conical Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the chloride ion in the example given in the video?

Outside the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the type of transport that involves the use of energy to move particles across the cell membrane?

Active transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pocket in the protein?

To facilitate the movement of chloride ions into the cell Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the chloride ion when the protein changes its conformation?

It is flipped to the intracellular face of the cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the driving force behind the protein's conformational changes?

The discomfort caused by the bound chloride ion Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate outcome of the protein's conformational changes?

The chloride ion is transported into the cell without using energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP in the chloride ion transport process?

It is not used at all in this process Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the protein's conformational changes?

To shift to a more comfortable position Signup and view all the answers

What is the final state of the protein after the chloride ion has been transported into the cell?

It returns to its original shape and is ready to bind another chloride ion Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the protein's conformation and the chloride ion?

The protein's conformation is influenced by the bound chloride ion Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Membrane Structure

A cell membrane is a lipid bilayer, consisting of hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
Hydrophilic heads are situated on the outside and inside of the cell, while hydrophobic tails are in the middle.
The hydrophobic tails are kinked, forming the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer.

Passive Transport

Passive transport is a method of moving particles across a cell membrane without using energy.
There are four types of passive transport, with Facilitated Diffusion being the main type focused on in this video.

Facilitated Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion is a type of passive transport that involves moving particles across a cell membrane with the help of proteins.
Proteins are embedded in the cell membrane and facilitate the movement of particles.
In this example, a chloride channel protein is used to facilitate the movement of chloride ions into the cell.

Chloride Channel Protein

The chloride channel protein has a specific pocket that is shaped to fit chloride ions.
When a chloride ion binds to the protein, it makes the protein uncomfortable, causing it to change its conformation.
The protein changes its shape, allowing the chloride ion to move into the cell.
Once the chloride ion is released, the protein returns to its original shape, ready to facilitate the movement of another chloride ion.

Conformation Change

The protein changes its conformation to become more comfortable, whether it's binding to a chloride ion or not.
The conformation change allows the protein to facilitate the movement of chloride ions into the cell without using energy.

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Description

This quiz covers the basics of cell membrane structure, including the lipid bilayer and its components, and introduces passive transport. Learn about hydrophilic heads, hydrophobic tails, and more!