40 Questions
A cell line is a type of cell culture that can proliferate forever if a suitable fresh medium is not provided.
False
Cell strains have a finite division potential and can proliferate indefinitely.
False
A primary culture can be subcultured only once to develop cell lines.
False
Most cell lines are not tumorigenic.
False
Cells derived from a primary cell line are easier to maintain than cell lines.
False
Primary cell cultures require a nutrient medium containing low amounts of different amino acids, micronutrients and hormones.
False
Primary cell cultures can be efficiently utilized for an unlimited number of passages.
False
The biological response received from a primary culture is farther from that in an in vivo environment than the response obtained from cell lines.
False
Primary cell culture is the culture of cells that have undergone subculture.
False
Mechanical disaggregation is an expensive and time-consuming technique.
False
Enzymatic disaggregation is less efficient than mechanical disaggregation.
False
Trypsin is not commonly used for enzymatic disaggregation.
False
Cell lines are used instead of primary cell cultures when primary cell cultures are inexpensive.
False
Primary cell culture is a type of cell line.
False
Enzymatic disaggregation does not affect cell viability.
True
Primary explant techniques are not used for the development of primary cell cultures.
False
The peptides conjugated to a matrix of inert biomaterial can initiate cellular adhesion.
True
The adhesion potential and chemistry of the matrix cannot be controlled.
False
Growth factors are distributed to cells in an uncontrolled fashion.
False
The chemical nature of the polymeric network does not affect cellular adhesion and growth.
False
Functionalization is a rare approach in this field.
False
Growth factors can be immobilized over polymeric networks to study and manipulate cells.
True
Pattern-immobilization is a less reliable approach than other methods.
False
The movement of proteins is dependent on the concentration gradient in non-diffusion mechanisms.
False
The serial cultivation of human diploid cell strains was first described by Hayflick and Moorhead in 1951.
False
Rabies virus can be cultivated in human diploid cell strain WI-38.
True
Losee and Ebeling (1914) successfully cultivated human sarcomatous tissue in vitro.
True
Earle (1943) produced malignancy in vitro using mouse fibroblast cultures.
True
Gómez-Lechón et al. (2003) used human hepatocytes to study toxicity and drug metabolism.
True
MacDonald (1990) developed new cell lines for animal cell biotechnology.
True
Schurr et al. (2009) evaluated StrataGraft, a pathogen-free human skin substitute, in a clinical trial.
True
Capes-Davis et al. (2010) reported that all cell lines are free from cross-contamination.
False
Phycocyanins have been found to inhibit the growth of human cells in culture.
False
The division potential of cell strains is infinite.
False
Natural polymers are often used in drug delivery systems.
True
Biomaterials are not used in tissue engineering.
False
Primary cell cultures can be used for an unlimited number of passages.
False
3D cell culture technologies are not useful for creating tissue-like structures in vitro.
False
Bhatia has not written about pharmaceutical biotechnology.
False
Biofunctionalized plants are not used as biomaterials for human cell culture.
False
Study Notes
Cell Lines and Cell Strains
- A cell line is a permanently established cell culture that will proliferate forever if a suitable fresh medium is provided continuously.
- A cell strain is obtained either from a primary culture or a cell line through selection or cloning of cells with specific properties or characteristics.
- Cell lines are generally immortalized or transformed cells that have lost control over division, often because of mutations or genetic alterations.
Primary Cell Culture
- A primary cell culture is the first culture of cells, tissues, or organs derived directly from an organism.
- Primary cell cultures can be utilized efficiently up to a few passages (2-4), after which the risk of contamination increases.
- Primary cell cultures have the advantage of providing a biological response closer to that in an in vivo environment than cell lines.
Techniques for Primary Cell Culture Development
- Mechanical disaggregation involves slicing or harvesting tissue and subsequent harvesting of spilled-out cells.
- Enzymatic disaggregation involves using enzymes such as trypsin, collagenase, and others to break down fibrous connective tissue and the extracellular matrix.
Cell Adhesion and Growth
- Researchers can develop suitable matrices with controlled adhesion potential and chemistry.
- Growth factors can be immobilized over polymeric networks to study and manipulate cells.
- Pattern immobilization is a more reliable approach, allowing cells to culture in a matrix with a three-dimensional structure mimicking the in vivo environment.
References
- Various references are cited throughout the text, including research papers and book chapters on cell culture, biotechnology, and biomaterials.
This quiz covers the differences between cell lines and cell strains, including their growth potential and characteristics. Learn about the key features of continuous cell lines and finite cell strains.
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