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Pathology L 6

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Questions and Answers

What is cell injury?

A condition where cells function normally.

Disruption of cell homeostasis or steady state. (correct)

A process of programmed cell death.

An increase in cell size and function due to adaptation.

Cell injuries occur only inside the cell

False

List the three responses of a cell to injury.

Adaption, degeneration and death of cell

Cell injury can be reversible or irreversible. Irreversible cell injury is the progression from degeneration to death

True Signup and view all the answers

What are the six mechanisms of cell injury, as discussed in class?

Depletion of ATP, mitochondrial damage, Calcium influx and loss of calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, defects in membrane permeability and damage to DNA and proteins Signup and view all the answers

What determines the morphology of cell injury?

The cause, extent, duration, and type of cell affected. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three most common causes of cell injury?

Oxygen deficiency, infectious agents common/important, and immunological dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a cause of cell injury?

None of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is hypoxia?

Partial reduction in oxygen delivery to a tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is anoxia?

No oxygen delivery to a tissue Signup and view all the answers

What are the four causes (discussed in class) of hypoxia/anoxia?

Inadequate oxygenation of blood, reduced transport of oxygen in blood, reduction in blood supply (ischemia), and blockage of cell respiratory enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Match the cause of hypoxia/anoxia with its description or example

Inadequate oxygenation of blood = Heart failure;respiratory failure Reduced transport of oxygen in blood = Anemia, carbon monoxide toxicosis Reduction in blood supply = Thrombosis Blockage of cell respiratory enzymes = Cyanide toxicosis Signup and view all the answers

What are the five infectious agents as discussed in class?

Viruses, bacteria, fungal (mycosis), protozoan and metazoan parasites Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of infectious agent with its defining characteristic or example:

Viruses = Obligate intracellular parasites Bacteria = Produce toxins ; overwhelming and uncontrolled replication Fungi = Progressive, chronic inflammatory disease Protozoan = Replicate in specific host cells, causing cell destruction Signup and view all the answers

Immune system failing to respond may result from _ (e.g. SCIDS in Arabian foals) or _ (e.g.)) damage to lymphoid tissue due to viral infections, chemicals or drugs)

Congenital defects; acquired defects Signup and view all the answers

Immune system over-responding or aberrant reaction can lead to (e.g. FAD, feline asthma) or (e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus).

Hypersensitivity reactions; autoimmune diseases Signup and view all the answers