20 Questions
What is cell injury defined as?
A sequence of biochemical and morphologic events upon exposure to an injurious agent
What is the main difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury?
The outcome of the injury, with reversible injury leading to recovery and irreversible injury leading to cell death
What is an example of a morphologic change that can occur in reversible cell injury?
Cellular swelling
What is the outcome of severe and prolonged exposure to an injurious agent?
Irreversible cell injury
What is the term for the process of programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
What is an example of an injurious agent that can cause cell injury?
Water
What is the characteristic microscopic feature of reversible cell injury in the liver?
Fine granules in the cytoplasm
Which of the following is a clinical feature of reversible cell injury in the kidney?
Proteinuria
What is the fate of reversible cell injury if injurious agents persist?
Cell death
Which of the following organs is NOT affected by reversible cell injury?
Brain
What is the definition of reversible cell injury?
Pathological accumulation of excess neutral fat in parenchymatous cells
What is the characteristic of cellular swelling in reversible cell injury?
Small amount of water accumulation
Which of the following is an example of a reversible cell injury in the skin?
Allergic reaction
What is the microscopic feature of reversible cell injury in the kidney?
Proteinuria
What is the most common site affected by cell injury?
Liver, heart, kidney, and muscles
What is a common cause of reversible cell injury?
Excess fat in diet
What is the characteristic microscopic feature of irreversible cell injury?
Cytoplasmic changes
What is the definition of cell death?
Death of a group of cells within the living body
What is the fate of cells that have undergone irreversible cell injury?
They undergo apoptosis
What is the type of cell injury that can precede irreversible cell injury?
Reversible cell injury
Study Notes
Cell Injury
- Cell injury is a sequence of biochemical and morphologic events that occur when a cell is exposed to an injurious agent.
- Injurious agents can cause biochemical changes and morphologic changes in the cell.
Causes of Cell Injury
- Injurious agents can cause cell injury, including water, fat, and other factors.
Types of Cell Injury
- There are two types of cell injury: reversible and irreversible.
Reversible Cell Injury
- Reversible cell injury is characterized by cellular swelling and fatty change.
- Cellular swelling is further divided into cloudy swelling and hydropic swelling.
- Fatty change is the accumulation of excess neutral fat in parenchymatous cells.
- Reversible cell injury can affect various organs, including the liver, kidney, heart, and skin.
- Causes of reversible cell injury include excess fat in the diet, viral hepatitis, and other factors.
- Microscopic picture of reversible cell injury shows cellular swelling, fine granules in the cytoplasm, and large clear vacuoles.
- Clinical picture of reversible cell injury may include proteinuria, dilatation of the heart, and other symptoms.
- Fate of reversible cell injury is that the cell can recover if the injurious agent is removed.
Irreversible Cell Injury
- Irreversible cell injury is characterized by cell death.
- Cell death can occur directly or follow reversible injury.
- Causes of irreversible cell injury include severe injury, long duration of injurious agent, and other factors.
- Microscopic picture of irreversible cell injury shows nuclear changes and cytoplasmic changes.
- Fate of irreversible cell injury is that the dead cells are removed by lymphatics and other mechanisms.
- Necrosis and Apoptosis
Understand the definition, causes, and types of cell injury, including reversible and irreversible cell injury. Learn about the biochemical and morphologic changes that occur in cell injury.
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