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Questions and Answers
What do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that they don't get smaller?
What do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that they don't get smaller?
A cell must grow.
What do cells need to do between divisions to ensure that a full set of DNA gets passed on to each daughter cell?
What do cells need to do between divisions to ensure that a full set of DNA gets passed on to each daughter cell?
The DNA must be copied.
Do all cells look the same?
Do all cells look the same?
False
Cells that are in the process of dividing are said to be in what state?
Cells that are in the process of dividing are said to be in what state?
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Cells that are not dividing are in what stage?
Cells that are not dividing are in what stage?
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Of the 100 cells shown, how many are in the process of dividing?
Of the 100 cells shown, how many are in the process of dividing?
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How many cells are in the interphase stage of their life cycle?
How many cells are in the interphase stage of their life cycle?
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Based on observations, does a cell spend most of its life cycle in interphase or in mitosis/cytokinesis?
Based on observations, does a cell spend most of its life cycle in interphase or in mitosis/cytokinesis?
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What do you notice happens during the cell division process?
What do you notice happens during the cell division process?
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What are the four phases of mitosis?
What are the four phases of mitosis?
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During which phase is DNA duplicated?
During which phase is DNA duplicated?
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What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes?
What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes?
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In which phase are chromatids pulled apart?
In which phase are chromatids pulled apart?
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What is the role of the centrioles?
What is the role of the centrioles?
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In which phase does a new nuclear membrane develop?
In which phase does a new nuclear membrane develop?
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What does it mean if a cell has a single line of chromosomes?
What does it mean if a cell has a single line of chromosomes?
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During which three phases are individual chromosomes no longer visible?
During which three phases are individual chromosomes no longer visible?
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Why is it important that the cell's DNA is duplicated before cell division?
Why is it important that the cell's DNA is duplicated before cell division?
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At the end of cytokinesis, how many daughter chromosomes will be found in each cell?
At the end of cytokinesis, how many daughter chromosomes will be found in each cell?
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What would happen if cell division is not controlled?
What would happen if cell division is not controlled?
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Study Notes
Cell Division Overview
- Cells reproduce through a process called cell division, which involves splitting in half.
- Growth is essential between divisions to prevent cell size reduction.
DNA and Cell Division
- Each cell contains genetic information in its DNA, which must be copied before cell division.
- Ensuring a full set of DNA is passed to daughter cells is critical for proper cell function.
Observations of Cell Division
- Cells exhibit variability in appearance; not all cells look alike.
- Cells undergoing division are referred to as being in mitosis or cytokinesis.
- Cells that are not actively dividing are in interphase, which is the longest phase of the cell cycle.
Life Cycle of Cells
- In a sample of 100 cells, only 5 are currently dividing, while 91 are in interphase.
- Cell division (mitosis/cytokinesis) occurs rapidly after a prolonged interphase.
Stages and Phases of Mitosis
- Mitosis consists of four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
- DNA duplication occurs exclusively during interphase, before any division takes place.
Chromatin and Chromosomes
- Chromatin condenses to form visible chromosomes during prophase.
- In anaphase, chromatids are separated and pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell.
Role of Centrioles
- Centrioles are essential for producing spindle fibers, which help organize the movement of chromosomes during division.
Nuclear Changes During Division
- A new nuclear membrane forms in telophase, marking the end of division.
Visibility of Chromosomes
- Individual chromosomes are not visible during telophase, cytokinesis, and interphase.
Importance of DNA Duplication
- DNA must be duplicated to ensure each daughter cell receives a complete set; failure leads to incomplete genetic information.
Chromosome Count in Human Cells
- Human cells typically contain 46 chromosomes; after division, each daughter cell will have 92 daughter chromatids.
Regulation of Cell Division
- The cell cycle is tightly regulated; uncontrolled division can lead to cancer and tumor formation due to excessive cell proliferation.
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Description
Explore the essential concepts of cell division through these informative flashcards. Each card covers key definitions and processes involved in the reproduction of cells, focusing on the importance of DNA replication and cell growth. Perfect for students studying cellular biology.
