Cell Division Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that they don't get smaller?

A cell must grow.

What do cells need to do between divisions to ensure that a full set of DNA gets passed on to each daughter cell?

The DNA must be copied.

Do all cells look the same?

False

Cells that are in the process of dividing are said to be in what state?

Mitosis or cytokinesis. Signup and view all the answers

Cells that are not dividing are in what stage?

Interphase. Signup and view all the answers

Of the 100 cells shown, how many are in the process of dividing?

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How many cells are in the interphase stage of their life cycle?

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Based on observations, does a cell spend most of its life cycle in interphase or in mitosis/cytokinesis?

Interphase. Signup and view all the answers

What do you notice happens during the cell division process?

Cells spend the longest time in interphase; mitosis occurs suddenly; the number of cells increases exponentially; the third stage of cell division is anaphase. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four phases of mitosis?

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. Signup and view all the answers

During which phase is DNA duplicated?

Interphase. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes?

During prophase, chromatin condenses to form chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

In which phase are chromatids pulled apart?

Anaphase. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the centrioles?

Centrioles produce spindle fibers and help organize the movement of chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

In which phase does a new nuclear membrane develop?

Telophase. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if a cell has a single line of chromosomes?

The phase is metaphase. Signup and view all the answers

During which three phases are individual chromosomes no longer visible?

Telophase, cytokinesis, interphase. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important that the cell's DNA is duplicated before cell division?

If DNA is not duplicated, then each daughter cell would only get half of a complete set of DNA. Signup and view all the answers

At the end of cytokinesis, how many daughter chromosomes will be found in each cell?

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What would happen if cell division is not controlled?

Rampant cell division would occur, increasing the risk of developing cancer and tumors. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Division Overview

Cells reproduce through a process called cell division, which involves splitting in half.
Growth is essential between divisions to prevent cell size reduction.

DNA and Cell Division

Each cell contains genetic information in its DNA, which must be copied before cell division.
Ensuring a full set of DNA is passed to daughter cells is critical for proper cell function.

Observations of Cell Division

Cells exhibit variability in appearance; not all cells look alike.
Cells undergoing division are referred to as being in mitosis or cytokinesis.
Cells that are not actively dividing are in interphase, which is the longest phase of the cell cycle.

Life Cycle of Cells

In a sample of 100 cells, only 5 are currently dividing, while 91 are in interphase.
Cell division (mitosis/cytokinesis) occurs rapidly after a prolonged interphase.

Stages and Phases of Mitosis

Mitosis consists of four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
DNA duplication occurs exclusively during interphase, before any division takes place.

Chromatin and Chromosomes

Chromatin condenses to form visible chromosomes during prophase.
In anaphase, chromatids are separated and pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell.

Role of Centrioles

Centrioles are essential for producing spindle fibers, which help organize the movement of chromosomes during division.

Nuclear Changes During Division

A new nuclear membrane forms in telophase, marking the end of division.

Visibility of Chromosomes

Individual chromosomes are not visible during telophase, cytokinesis, and interphase.

Importance of DNA Duplication

DNA must be duplicated to ensure each daughter cell receives a complete set; failure leads to incomplete genetic information.

Chromosome Count in Human Cells

Human cells typically contain 46 chromosomes; after division, each daughter cell will have 92 daughter chromatids.

Regulation of Cell Division

The cell cycle is tightly regulated; uncontrolled division can lead to cancer and tumor formation due to excessive cell proliferation.

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Description

Explore the essential concepts of cell division through these informative flashcards. Each card covers key definitions and processes involved in the reproduction of cells, focusing on the importance of DNA replication and cell growth. Perfect for students studying cellular biology.