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Questions and Answers
What do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that they don't just get smaller and smaller?
What do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that they don't just get smaller and smaller?
A cell must grow.
What do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that a full set of DNA gets passed on to each daughter cell?
What do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that a full set of DNA gets passed on to each daughter cell?
The DNA must be copied so there is a full set of DNA to pass on to each daughter cell.
Do all cells look the same?
Do all cells look the same?
False
Of the 100 cells shown, how many are in the process of dividing?
Of the 100 cells shown, how many are in the process of dividing?
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How many cells are in the interphase stage of their life cycle?
How many cells are in the interphase stage of their life cycle?
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Based on these two observations, would you say that a cell spends most of its life cycle in interphase or in mitosis/cytokinesis?
Based on these two observations, would you say that a cell spends most of its life cycle in interphase or in mitosis/cytokinesis?
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What do you notice happening during cellular division?
What do you notice happening during cellular division?
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What is interphase?
What is interphase?
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What happens during prophase?
What happens during prophase?
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What happens during metaphase?
What happens during metaphase?
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What happens during anaphase?
What happens during anaphase?
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What happens during telophase?
What happens during telophase?
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What is cytokinesis?
What is cytokinesis?
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What are the four phases of mitosis?
What are the four phases of mitosis?
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During which phase is the DNA duplicated?
During which phase is the DNA duplicated?
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What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes?
What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes?
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In which phase are chromatids pulled apart?
In which phase are chromatids pulled apart?
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What is the role of the centrioles?
What is the role of the centrioles?
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In which phase does a new nuclear membrane develop?
In which phase does a new nuclear membrane develop?
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What phase is a cell in if it has a single line of chromosomes?
What phase is a cell in if it has a single line of chromosomes?
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During which three phases are individual chromosomes no longer visible?
During which three phases are individual chromosomes no longer visible?
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Why is it important that the cell's DNA is duplicated before cell division?
Why is it important that the cell's DNA is duplicated before cell division?
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At the end of cytokinesis, how many daughter chromosomes will be found in each cell?
At the end of cytokinesis, how many daughter chromosomes will be found in each cell?
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Study Notes
Cell Division Overview
- Cell division involves cells reproducing by splitting in half, requiring growth in between divisions to maintain size.
- DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, carries the genetic information that must be copied before cell division to ensure daughter cells receive a full set.
Cell Life Cycle
- A majority of cells (91 out of 100) are in the interphase stage, indicating that cells spend most of their life cycle in interphase rather than in mitosis or cytokinesis.
Stages of Cell Division
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Interphase:
- Three sub-stages: G1, S, and G2 where organelles and genetic material are replicated in preparation for division.
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Mitosis Stages:
- Prophase: Nuclear membrane breaks down, chromosomes condense, and spindle apparatus forms.
- Metaphase: Tetrads align at the center, while sister chromatids remain attached.
- Anaphase: Chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles, enhancing genetic diversity.
- Telophase: Chromosomes reach opposite ends, reforming the nuclear envelope and breaking down the spindle.
Cytokinesis
- Following mitosis, cytokinesis divides the cell into two daughter cells, each with the same number and type of chromosomes as the original.
Key Questions and Answers
- Four phases of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
- DNA is duplicated during interphase.
- Chromatin condenses into chromosomes during prophase.
- Chromatids are pulled apart in anaphase.
- Centrioles produce spindle fibers crucial for chromosome movement.
- A new nuclear membrane develops during telophase.
- A cell with a single line of chromosomes is in metaphase.
- Individual chromosomes are not visible during interphase, cytokinesis, and telophase.
- DNA duplication before division is essential to ensure each daughter cell receives a complete set of DNA.
- Each daughter cell, post-cytokinesis, contains 46 daughter chromosomes as each original chromosome splits into two.
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Description
This quiz provides flashcards focused on the fundamental concepts of cell division, highlighting the growth and DNA replication processes necessary for cellular reproduction. Ideal for students studying biology and cellular mechanisms.
