Cell Division

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a domain of life mentioned in the text?

  • Bacteria
  • Viruses (correct)
  • Archaea
  • Eukarya

What is the function of the cell wall in a typical bacterial cell?

  • Protein synthesis
  • DNA storage
  • Cellular respiration
  • Protection and structural support (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a specialized structure mentioned in the text?

  • Pili
  • Vesicles
  • Nanotubes
  • Ribosomes (correct)

Which of the following is NOT considered a cell surface structure in bacteria?

<p>S-layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell surface structures is responsible for facilitating genetic exchange between bacterial cells?

<p>Pili (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is involved in shaping the morphology of bacterial cells?

<p>MreB (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the cytoplasm in a bacterial cell?

<p>Translation of proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hopanoids in the cell membrane?

<p>Stabilize the membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Provide shape and rigidity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is used to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Safranin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of penicillin-binding proteins in bacterial cell walls?

<p>To catalyze the formation of peptide cross-bridges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with antibiotic resistance?

<p>Loss of effectiveness of antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is involved in endospore formation by Firmicutes like Bacillus and Clostridium species?

<p>Endospores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pili in bacteria?

<p>Attachment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for the movement of a bacterium in response to chemical gradients?

<p>Chemotaxis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for the formation of the septum during bacterial cell division?

<p>Septation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of FtsZ in bacterial cell division?

<p>To polymerize and form the Z-ring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the replisome in bacterial DNA replication?

<p>To synthesize DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are present in the core of an endospore?

<p>Small acid-soluble spore proteins (SASP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the calcium-dipicolinic acid (DPA) complex in an endospore?

<p>To stabilize DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about endospores is true?

<p>They are formed during sporulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organisms are endospores present?

<p>Only gram-positive bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of endospores?

<p>To disperse via wind, water, or animal gut (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are bacteria named using the binomial system?

<p>By their genus and species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a strain and a serotype?

<p>A strain differs genetically, while a serotype differs phenotypically (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of locomotion mentioned in the text?

<p>Chemotaxis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the width of the long, thin appendages in bacteria?

<p>15-20 nm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the filament in flagella?

<p>Flagellin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which direction does flagella rotate relative to the cell?

<p>Clockwise (CW) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes flagella to bundle together and push the cell forward?

<p>Attractants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes flagellar bundle to fall apart and result in a 'tumble'?

<p>Repellents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the directed movement of a bacterium in response to chemical or physical gradients?

<p>Chemotaxis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of a bacterium in response to light?

<p>Phototaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of a bacterium in response to oxygen?

<p>Aerotaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of a bacterium in response to water?

<p>Hydrotaxis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a specialized structure mentioned in the text?

<p>Pili (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell surface structures is responsible for facilitating genetic exchange between bacterial cells?

<p>Pili (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for the formation of the septum during bacterial cell division?

<p>Binary fission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of a bacterium in response to light?

<p>Phototaxis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pili in bacteria?

<p>Genetic exchange (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organisms are endospores present?

<p>Gram-positive bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a cell surface structure in bacteria?

<p>Endospores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the filament in flagella?

<p>Flagellin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the cytoplasm in a bacterial cell?

<p>Metabolic reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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