38 Questions
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the 'hallmarks of cancer' as described in the text?
Immune system evasion
Cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs primarily target which phase of the cell cycle?
M phase
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs can kill cancer cells?
Activation of the immune system
Which of the following is a type of targeted cancer therapy that works by inhibiting nuclear receptors?
Antiandrogen drugs
Which of the following is NOT a major class of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?
Monoclonal antibodies
What is the most important target for the cytotoxic activity of nitrogen mustard drugs like cyclophosphamide?
Alkylation of the N7 position of guanine in DNA
Which of the following is NOT a common side effect associated with cyclophosphamide treatment?
Nephrotoxicity
Which of the following mechanisms helps protect normal tissues from the cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide?
High levels of glutathione and glutathione transferases
Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by the cytotoxic action of nitrogen mustard drugs like cyclophosphamide?
S phase
Which of the following is NOT considered a major class of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?
Protein kinase inhibitors
What is the mechanism of action for alkylating agents in cytotoxic chemotherapy?
Forming covalent bonds with DNA to impede replication
Which phase of the cell cycle do taxanes like Taxol target specifically?
M phase
What is the main target of antimetabolites in cytotoxic chemotherapy?
DNA synthesis pathways
Which type of chemotherapy drug is related to 'mustard gas' used in World War I?
Nitrogen mustards
What is the main characteristic of alkylating agents as a class of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?
Forming covalent bonds with DNA
Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily targeted by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?
M phase
Which type of cancer treatment aims to prolong remission and improve the quality of life?
Palliate
Which class of chemotherapy drugs acts on specific molecular targets associated with cancer?
Camptothecins
Which group of chemotherapy drugs primarily target DNA replication in both normal and cancerous cells?
Alkylating agents
What is the main difference between cytotoxic drugs and targeted drugs in terms of selectivity?
Cytotoxic drugs have limited selectivity compared to targeted drugs
What distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells based on the given text?
Invasiveness
How do metastases differ from the primary tumour in cancer?
Metastases are symptomatic, while the primary tumour is asymptomatic
Which mechanism prevents normal cells from leaving their designated tissue?
Survival signals preventing apoptosis
What is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in most solid tumours?
Metastases formed by cancer cells
Which characteristic distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells as per the given text?
Uncontrolled proliferation
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells?
Apoptosis
Which of the following is a potential target for chemotherapy drugs that aim to inhibit uncontrolled proliferation in cancer cells?
Cell cycle checkpoints
Which class of chemotherapy drugs targets rapidly dividing cells by interfering with DNA synthesis?
Antimetabolites
Which phase of the cell cycle is often targeted by chemotherapy drugs like vincristine and paclitaxel?
M phase
Which of the following classes of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs causes DNA damage by forming cross-links between DNA strands?
Alkylating agents
What is one of the main characteristics of cancer cells mentioned in the text?
Regulation of uncontrolled proliferation
Which of the following is true about the proliferation of cancer cells compared to normal cells?
Normal cells have escaped mechanisms regulating proliferation.
What genetic changes can confer autonomy of growth on a cell, leading to uncontrolled proliferation?
Inactivation of tumour suppressor genes or transformation of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes
Which factor contributes to uncontrolled proliferation in cancer cells according to the text?
Tumour-directed angiogenesis
What is a characteristic feature of cancer genesis, as mentioned in the text?
Multifactorial genesis involving multiple genetic changes
Which component of cellular systems can lead to uncontrolled proliferation in cancer cells?
Growth factors and their receptors
What role does telomerase expression play in the proliferation of cancer cells?
Aids in maintaining telomere length and supports cell division
Why is inactivation of tumour suppressor genes or transformation of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes significant?
It confers autonomy of growth on a cell.
Test your knowledge on the use of kinase inhibitors and cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs in targeting cell behaviours and processes such as chromosome segregation, protein homeostasis, and cell survival signalling. Explore the mechanisms of drugs like Bortezomib, Doxorubicin, Etoposide, and more in Goodman and Gilman’s the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th ED.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
