Cell Cycle Chemotherapy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the 'hallmarks of cancer' as described in the text?

  • Sustained angiogenesis
  • Evading growth suppressors
  • Immune system evasion (correct)
  • Limitless replicative potential

    • Cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs primarily target which phase of the cell cycle?

  • S phase
  • M phase (correct)
  • G0 phase
  • G1 phase

    • Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs can kill cancer cells?

  • Inhibition of DNA synthesis
  • Induction of apoptosis
  • Disruption of microtubule function
  • Activation of the immune system (correct)

    • Which of the following is a type of targeted cancer therapy that works by inhibiting nuclear receptors?

    <p>Antiandrogen drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major class of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?

    <p>Monoclonal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important target for the cytotoxic activity of nitrogen mustard drugs like cyclophosphamide?

    <p>Alkylation of the N7 position of guanine in DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common side effect associated with cyclophosphamide treatment?

    <p>Nephrotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mechanisms helps protect normal tissues from the cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide?

    <p>High levels of glutathione and glutathione transferases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by the cytotoxic action of nitrogen mustard drugs like cyclophosphamide?

    <p>S phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a major class of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?

    <p>Protein kinase inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action for alkylating agents in cytotoxic chemotherapy?

    <p>Forming covalent bonds with DNA to impede replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle do taxanes like Taxol target specifically?

    <p>M phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main target of antimetabolites in cytotoxic chemotherapy?

    <p>DNA synthesis pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chemotherapy drug is related to 'mustard gas' used in World War I?

    <p>Nitrogen mustards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of alkylating agents as a class of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?

    <p>Forming covalent bonds with DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily targeted by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs?

    <p>M phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cancer treatment aims to prolong remission and improve the quality of life?

    <p>Palliate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of chemotherapy drugs acts on specific molecular targets associated with cancer?

    <p>Camptothecins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of chemotherapy drugs primarily target DNA replication in both normal and cancerous cells?

    <p>Alkylating agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between cytotoxic drugs and targeted drugs in terms of selectivity?

    <p>Cytotoxic drugs have limited selectivity compared to targeted drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells based on the given text?

    <p>Invasiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do metastases differ from the primary tumour in cancer?

    <p>Metastases are symptomatic, while the primary tumour is asymptomatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism prevents normal cells from leaving their designated tissue?

    <p>Survival signals preventing apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in most solid tumours?

    <p>Metastases formed by cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells as per the given text?

    <p>Uncontrolled proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential target for chemotherapy drugs that aim to inhibit uncontrolled proliferation in cancer cells?

    <p>Cell cycle checkpoints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of chemotherapy drugs targets rapidly dividing cells by interfering with DNA synthesis?

    <p>Antimetabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is often targeted by chemotherapy drugs like vincristine and paclitaxel?

    <p>M phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classes of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs causes DNA damage by forming cross-links between DNA strands?

    <p>Alkylating agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main characteristics of cancer cells mentioned in the text?

    <p>Regulation of uncontrolled proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the proliferation of cancer cells compared to normal cells?

    <p>Normal cells have escaped mechanisms regulating proliferation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic changes can confer autonomy of growth on a cell, leading to uncontrolled proliferation?

    <p>Inactivation of tumour suppressor genes or transformation of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to uncontrolled proliferation in cancer cells according to the text?

    <p>Tumour-directed angiogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of cancer genesis, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Multifactorial genesis involving multiple genetic changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of cellular systems can lead to uncontrolled proliferation in cancer cells?

    <p>Growth factors and their receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does telomerase expression play in the proliferation of cancer cells?

    <p>Aids in maintaining telomere length and supports cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is inactivation of tumour suppressor genes or transformation of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes significant?

    <p>It confers autonomy of growth on a cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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