Week 2 Seminar Cell Biology Study Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to prokaryotic cells?

  • Organization into multicellular structures
  • Presence of a true nucleus
  • Cell size ranging from 10−100 µm
  • Genetic material suspended in the nucleoid (correct)

    • What are the common shapes associated with prokaryotic cells?

  • Chains, clusters, and sheets
  • Cylinders, disks, and spikes
  • Spheres, rods, and spirals (correct)
  • Squares, pentagons, and hexagons

    • In which types of organisms would you typically find eukaryotic cells?

  • Bacteria and archaea
  • Viruses and prions
  • Plants, fungi, protozoa, and animals (correct)
  • Algae and yeast only

    • How does the size of prokaryotic cells typically compare to eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller, ranging from 1 to 5 µm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hereditary material can be found in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Both DNA and RNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>The nucleus contains packed hereditary material. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is correct?

    <p>They are unicellular microorganisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is not found in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Organized membrane-bound organelles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complementary DNA sequence for the single-stranded DNA molecule 5'─GGATCTGATCCAGTCA─3'?

    <p>3'─CCTAGACTAGGTCAGT─5' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Possess membrane-bound organelles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cell biology?

    <p>Understanding structural and functional units of cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of genetic sequences, what does the order of DNA bases determine?

    <p>Genetic code (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms is classified as a eukaryote?

    <p>Homo sapiens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of thymine would be expected in a double-stranded DNA that has 20% of cytosine?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells at the cellular level?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells have a true, membrane-bounded nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a double-stranded DNA molecule contains 38% adenine, what is the percentage of guanine in that molecule?

    <p>12%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do the sequences of DNA bases play in genetic coding?

    <p>The sequences of DNA bases determine the genetic code, which specifies the sequence of amino acids in proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cell biology, what is the significance of categorizing cells into eukaryotic and prokaryotic?

    <p>Categorizing cells helps in understanding their structural and functional differences, leading to insights into their roles in biology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Study of Cells (Cell Biology)

    • Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life
    • Cells provide structure and function for all living things, from microorganisms to humans
    • The study of cell structure and functions is called cell biology
    • Two classic categories of cells based on cellular structures: eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

    Prokaryotes

    • Mostly single-celled (unicellular) microorganisms
    • Examples include archaea and bacteria
    • Cell size ranges from 1 to 5 µm in diameter
    • Hereditary material can be DNA or RNA
    • Genetic material is freely suspended in the region called nucleoid
    • Three common shapes: spheres, rods, and spirals

    Eukaryotes

    • Characterized by a true nucleus
    • Examples include plants, fungi, protozoa, and animals
    • Cell size ranges between 10-100 µm in diameter
    • Hereditary material DNA is packed in the nucleus

    Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

    • Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus.
    • Eukaryotic cells contain a true, membrane-bounded nucleus.
    • Prokaryotes are mostly single-celled microorganisms, including archaea and bacteria.
    • Eukaryotes encompass a wider range, including plants, fungi, protozoa, and animals.
    • Prokaryotic cells have a cell size ranging from 1 to 5 µm in diameter.
    • Eukaryotic cells have a cell size ranging between 10−100 µm in diameter.
    • Prokaryotes can have DNA or RNA as their genetic material, which is freely suspended within the nucleoid region.
    • Eukaryotes have DNA as their genetic material, which is packed within a defined nucleus.

    Cell Biology

    • The cell is the fundamental unit of life, providing both structure and function for living organisms.
    • The discipline of studying cellular structure and functions is known as cell biology.
    • Based on their cellular structures, cells are broadly categorized into two types: eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

    Prokaryotes

    • Prokaryotes have three common shapes: spheres, rods, and spirals.

    Eukaryotes

    • Eukaryotic cells are generally larger in size than prokaryotic cells.

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    MED1003 Molecules, Cells, and Genes Seminar PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of cell biology, focusing on the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Explore cell structures, functions, and the significance of cells in all living organisms. Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike!

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