Cell Biology Quiz: Membranes and Adaptations

<p>Nutrient deprivation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apoptosis is a programmed cell death, while necrosis is a result of injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased anaerobic metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of lactic acid as a byproduct (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypertrophy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metaplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metaplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypertrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dysplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atrophy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormonal stimulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metaplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased workload (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abnormal changes in cell size, shape, and organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular weightlifting training (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain one or more unpaired electrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased cell signaling efficiency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They donate electrons to free radicals, stabilizing them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Processed meats. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By damaging blood vessels, leading to atherosclerosis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By disrupting the function of important cellular molecules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wet Gangrene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Necrosis triggers an inflammatory response, while apoptosis does not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wet gangrene is characterized by tissue liquefaction, while dry gangrene involves tissue mummification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crush injury to a limb with compromised blood supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Failure of the Na+/K+ pump (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accumulation of Na+ in the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accumulation of Ca++ in the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysosomal membrane breakdown (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autodigestion of the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of free radical molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoxic cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Damage to cell components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Changes in cell structure or function in response to stress.

Damage to a cell that impairs its function but may be reversible.

Permanent loss of cell function and integrity, can be due to injury or stress.

A general summary of key concepts related to cell function changes.

A visual representation illustrating the structure and components of a cell.

An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ.

Increase in the size of muscle cells due to exercise or stress.

Damage caused by insufficient oxygen delivery to tissues.

Energy production without oxygen, resulting in less ATP.

The formation of adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.

Organelles that contain enzymes for digestion of cellular waste.

Powerhouse of the cell; produces ATP through respiration.

Cellular structures that synthesize proteins from amino acids.

Decrease or shrinkage in the size of cells from disuse.

Increase in the size of cells, often due to increased workload.

Reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another.

Abnormal changes in cell size, shape, and organization.

Increase in cell numbers to compensate for loss or injury.

Increase in cell numbers due to hormonal stimulation.

Reduction in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell.

Malfunction of the sodium-potassium pump, leading to disrupted ion balance across the membrane.

Build-up of sodium ions inside the cell due to pump failure, causing swelling.

Increase in cell volume due to excess water following sodium accumulation.

Failure of the calcium pump, resulting in increased calcium levels inside the cell.

Production of lactic acid due to anaerobic metabolism when oxygen is insufficient.

Release of enzymes from lysosomes that can digest cellular components, leading to autodigestion.

Damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue after a period of hypoxia, potentially forming free radicals.

Death of a large area of tissue due to severe hypoxia.

Gangrene caused by bacterial invasion in hypoxic tissue.

Gangrene resulting from ischemia, without bacterial infection.

Programmed cell death initiated by internal mechanisms without inflammation.

Apoptosis occurs during embryonic development and in cancer treatment.

Highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons causing cell damage.

Free radicals can break DNA strands, causing mutations.

Free radicals damage cell membranes and structural proteins.

Molecules that neutralize free radicals, preventing cell damage.

Vitamins and foods that provide antioxidants include fruits and nuts.

Cell death due to injury characterized by swelling and membrane loss.