Cell Biology Quiz

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What major conclusion did Rudolf Virchow make about cell formation?

Cells can exist independently of other cells.

All cells come from other pre-existing cells. (correct)

All cells are identical in structure.

Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living matter.

Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?

Cells can exist without being part of a living organism.

Cells possess the ability to generate life from non-living materials.

All living things are made up of cells. (correct)

Cells are larger than tissues and organs.

Which of these scientists is associated with the first discovery of cells?

Matthias Schleiden

Theodor Schwann

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Robert Hooke (correct)

All cells share certain components. Which of the following is not universally found in all cells?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What significant achievement did Anton van Leeuwenhoek contribute to cell biology?

He created the first powerful microscope. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural protein that makes up cilia and flagella?

Tubulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of microtubules in cilia and flagella?

9 + 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the movement of cilia?

Beat-like movement Signup and view all the answers

What role do lysosomes play in cellular processes?

Breaking down waste and cellular debris Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during apoptosis in relation to lysosomes?

Lysosomes lyse and release enzymes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

To ensure coherence and control transport of substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the nuclear envelope?

Double membrane with nuclear pores Signup and view all the answers

Which structure within the nucleus is responsible for ribosome production?

Nucleolus Signup and view all the answers

What role do nuclear pores play in the nucleus?

Regulate the passage of molecules, ions, and RNA Signup and view all the answers

What substance is present in the nucleoplasm?

Nucleolus and chromatin Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature distinguishes chloroplasts from other organelles?

Chloroplasts possess their own DNA and ribosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chloroplasts in a plant cell?

To produce their own food using sunlight. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about chloroplasts is incorrect?

Chloroplasts can be found in animal cells. Signup and view all the answers

Where are free-floating ribosomes primarily located?

In the cytoplasm or other organelles. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly identifies a characteristic of chloroplasts?

Chloroplasts convert sunlight into chemical energy stored in sugar. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytoplasm in a cell?

It provides shape and suspends the cell's inner components. Signup and view all the answers

What role do histones play during cell division?

They wrap tightly around DNA to organize it. Signup and view all the answers

What components are included in the cytoskeleton?

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Signup and view all the answers

Where are ribosomes primarily made within the cell?

Nucleolus. Signup and view all the answers

How are chromosomes related to chromatin in the cell?

Chromosomes are the more condensed form of chromatin during cell division. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of mitochondria within a cell?

Generate cellular energy (ATP) Signup and view all the answers

Which compartment of the mitochondrion is responsible for the production of ATP?

Matrix Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature distinguishes mitochondria from other organelles?

Ability to replicate independently within the cell Signup and view all the answers

During cell division in animal cells, which structure aids in pulling chromosome pairs apart?

Centrioles Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural arrangement characteristic of centrioles?

9 + 0 arrangement of rods Signup and view all the answers

Which function is associated with the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Making and modifying proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Making membrane lipids and steroids Signup and view all the answers

How do vacuoles function in plant cells?

They hold cell sap for storage Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the contractile vacuole in protists?

Regulating water balance by expelling excess water Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding vacuoles in animal cells?

Vacuoles are typically small or absent Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes prokaryotic cells?

They lack a true nucleus and internal membranes. Signup and view all the answers

What are the domains that comprise eukaryotic cells?

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Uniform cell size across all eukaryotes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups includes organisms that are prokaryotic?

Bacteria Signup and view all the answers

The branch of life that leads to multicellular organisms includes which of the following categories of eukaryotes?

Animals, Plants, Fungi Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nuclear pores within the nuclear envelope?

To allow selective passage of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the endomembrane system synthesizes lipids and detoxifies substances?

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to proteins synthesized in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum after they enter its lumen?

They undergo glycosylation and modification Signup and view all the answers

In what way do vesicles contribute to the endomembrane system?

They transport molecules within the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of proteins that exit the trans-Golgi face?

They get secreted outside the cell or embedded in the cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components of the endomembrane system do not have a role in protein synthesis?

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Signup and view all the answers

How does glycosylation modify proteins in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

By attaching sugar molecules to transform them into glycoproteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lysosomes in the endomembrane system?

To break down cellular waste materials and macromolecules Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are considered membrane-bound organelles in a eukaryotic cell?