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What are the fundamental principles describing cell structure and function?
What are the fundamental principles describing cell structure and function?
Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.
Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.
False
What is the name for the process where cells develop distinct functions?
What is the name for the process where cells develop distinct functions?
Cell Specialization
A unicellular organism is an organism made up of:
A unicellular organism is an organism made up of:
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What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
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The Fluid Mosaic Model describes the cell membrane as static and unchanging.
The Fluid Mosaic Model describes the cell membrane as static and unchanging.
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What is the name for the two-layered arrangement of phospholipids in membranes?
What is the name for the two-layered arrangement of phospholipids in membranes?
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Which type of transport requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient?
Which type of transport requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient?
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Which type of transport involves movement of substances across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without using energy?
Which type of transport involves movement of substances across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without using energy?
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What is the process of moving molecules across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration called?
What is the process of moving molecules across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration called?
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What is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration called?
What is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration called?
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Facilitated transport is a type of passive transport that does not require energy.
Facilitated transport is a type of passive transport that does not require energy.
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What is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane called?
What is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane called?
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A hypertonic solution has a:
A hypertonic solution has a:
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An isotonic solution has a:
An isotonic solution has a:
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What is the process of moving ions across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using carrier proteins and ATP called?
What is the process of moving ions across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using carrier proteins and ATP called?
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What is the process of engulfing substances into the cell called?
What is the process of engulfing substances into the cell called?
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What is the process of expelling substances from the cell called?
What is the process of expelling substances from the cell called?
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What is the type of endocytosis for large particles called?
What is the type of endocytosis for large particles called?
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What is the type of endocytosis for liquids called?
What is the type of endocytosis for liquids called?
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What is the name for a protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in living cells?
What is the name for a protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in living cells?
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What is the name for proteins that recognize and adhere to ligand molecules on the cell surface or in the cytoplasm?
What is the name for proteins that recognize and adhere to ligand molecules on the cell surface or in the cytoplasm?
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What is the name for a membrane protein that moves molecules across a cell membrane?
What is the name for a membrane protein that moves molecules across a cell membrane?
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What is the name for a protein that allows specific substances to pass through a cell membrane?
What is the name for a protein that allows specific substances to pass through a cell membrane?
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What is the name for markers that help cells identify other cells and foreign invaders?
What is the name for markers that help cells identify other cells and foreign invaders?
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What is the name for a cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in a cell?
What is the name for a cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in a cell?
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Study Notes
Cell Theory and Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cells
- Cell Theory describes fundamental principles of cell structure and function.
- Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
- Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Cell Specialization and Unicellular Organisms
- Cell specialization is the development of distinct functions in cells within a multicellular organism.
- Unicellular organisms rely on a single cell to perform all necessary life processes.
Cell Membrane Structure and Function
- Cell membranes regulate the passage of substances in and out of cells.
- The fluid mosaic model describes the dynamic structure of cell membranes.
- The lipid bilayer is a two-layered arrangement of phospholipids in cell membranes.
Membrane Transport Mechanisms
- Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.
- Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient, without energy use.
- Diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
- Facilitated transport requires carrier proteins to move molecules across the membrane.
- Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
- Hypertonic solutions have a higher solute concentration outside the cell.
- Isotonic solutions have an equal solute concentration inside and outside the cell.
- Hypotonic solutions have a lower solute concentration outside the cell.
- Molecular transport uses ATP to move ions against their concentration gradient.
Vesicular Transport
- Endocytosis engulfs substances into the cell.
- Exocytosis expels substances from the cell.
- Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis for large particles.
- Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis for liquids.
Cell Membrane Proteins
- Enzymatic proteins catalyze chemical reactions.
- Receptor proteins recognize and bind to ligand molecules.
- Carrier proteins move molecules across the membrane.
- Channel proteins allow specific substances to pass through the membrane.
- Cell recognition proteins identify cells.
Cellular Organelles
- Lysosomes contain enzymes for breaking down cellular materials.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in cell biology, including cell theory, the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and the structure and function of cell membranes. Additionally, it explores cell specialization and various membrane transport mechanisms.
