24 Questions
What is the characteristic of a heterotroph?
Organism that cannot produce its own food
What is unique about the movement of Amoeba?
It uses pseudopodia
What is the function of chloroplasts in Microalgae?
To synthesize food
What is the cell wall composition of Microfungi?
Cellulose and Chitin
What is the mode of reproduction in Yeast?
Budding
What is the characteristic of Paramecium?
Is motile
What is the function of vacuoles in Protozoa?
To control osmosis
What is the characteristic of Microalgae?
Is photosynthetic
What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?
Energy generation
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis and transport?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the primary function of lysosomes?
Digestion of cellular waste
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus in a cell?
Modifying and packaging proteins
Which organelle is surrounded by a double membrane?
Mitochondria
What is the primary function of vacuoles?
Storage of water and nutrients
Which organelle is involved in the digestion of cellular waste and foreign substances?
Lysosomes
Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins for secretion?
Golgi Apparatus
What is the main function of the cytoplasm in a cell?
To provide a site for most cellular activity and biochemical reactions
Which type of cell has DNA contained inside a membrane-bound nucleus?
Eukaryotes
What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
To synthesize proteins through assembly
What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
The presence of a true nucleus
What is the function of the selectively permeable cell membrane?
To control movement of substances in and out of the cell
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
Ribosomes
What is the function of DNA in a cell?
To store information essential for the function and development of the organism
Which type of cell does not have membrane-bound organelles?
Prokaryotes
Study Notes
Cell Organelles
- Mitochondria: compact spheres containing DNA and proteins, separated from the cytoplasm by a double membrane, sites of energy generation (ATP molecules) for the cell.
- Lysosomes: vesicles/sacs from the Golgi apparatus, containing enzymes for digestion.
- Vacuoles: membrane-bound cavities containing liquid, food, or secretions, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Cell Types
- Prokaryotes: DNA exists 'free' in the cytoplasm, contains no membrane-bound organelles.
- Eukaryotes: DNA contained inside a membrane-bound nucleus, contains several membrane-bound organelles.
Microorganisms
- Protozoa: no cell wall, motile, exclusively heterotrophic, unicellular or multicellular, reproduction - asexual & sexual.
- Microalgae: autotrophs, cell wall - cellulose, chloroplasts - photosynthetic, unicellular, multicellular, filamentous, or colonial, reproduction - asexual & sexual.
- Microfungi: cell wall - cellulose or chitin, reproduction - spores (asexual/sexual)/budding, unicellular, multicellular, filamentous, examples - yeast, moulds.
Other
- Cytoplasm: the fluid of the cell, occupies most of the cell volume, site of most cellular activity/biochemical reactions.
- Ribosomes: large molecules involved in protein synthesis (assembly of amino acids).
- Pili: hair-like tubes for the transfer of DNA.
- Flagella: responsible for movement.
This quiz covers the structure and function of mitochondria, including their composition, role in energy generation, and relationship to the cytoplasm. Test your knowledge of these cellular powerhouses!
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