Cell Biology: Golgi Apparatus

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

Produce 95% of the ATP required by the cell (correct)

Catabolism of fats and other organic compounds

Storage and packaging of lysosomal enzymes

Synthesis of secretory products

Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging newly synthesized proteins?

Smooth ER

Peroxisomes

Rough ER (correct)

Golgi apparatus

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Synthesis of secretory products

Produce ATP required by the cell

Storage, alteration, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes (correct)

Catabolism of fats and other organic compounds

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids and carbohydrates?

Smooth ER Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the peroxisomes?

Catabolism of fats and other organic compounds Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is involved in the storage and transport of secretory products?

Endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rough ER?

Synthesis of secretory products Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for neutralizing toxic compounds?

Peroxisomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Synthesizing proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in relation to secretions?

Modifying and packaging secretions for release through exocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the organelle responsible for modifying and packaging secretions?

Golgi apparatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Lipid synthesis and detoxification Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes?

Ribosomes are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in relation to the plasma membrane?

Renewing or modifying the plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in relation to enzymes?

Packaging special enzymes within vesicles for use in the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of exocytosis in relation to the Golgi apparatus?

Releasing secretions out of the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

Synthesizing proteins and glycoproteins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles is responsible for detoxification?

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cisternae in the endoplasmic reticulum?

Storing synthesized molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is involved in synthesizing lipids and carbohydrates?

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Digesting cellular waste and foreign substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Modifying and packaging proteins and lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of peroxisomes?

Breaking down fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is involved in synthesizing steroid hormones?

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Organelles

Golgi apparatus: consists of stacked, flattened membranes (cisternae) containing chambers, responsible for storage, alteration, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes.
Mitochondria: double membrane with inner membrane folds (cristae), containing metabolic enzymes, producing 95% of ATP required by the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): network of membranous channels extending throughout the cytoplasm, responsible for synthesis of secretory products, intracellular storage and transport, and detoxification of drugs or toxins.
Peroxisomes: vesicles containing degradative enzymes, responsible for catabolism of fats and other organic compounds, and neutralization of toxic compounds.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Rough ER: surface covered with ribosomes, active in protein and glycoprotein synthesis, folds polypeptide protein structures, and encloses products in transport vesicles.
Smooth ER: no ribosomes attached, synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates, such as phospholipids, cholesterol, steroid hormones, glycerides, and glycogen.

Golgi Apparatus

Functions: modifies and packages secretions, renews or modifies the plasma membrane, and packages special enzymes within vesicles for use in the cytoplasm.
Vesicles enter the forming face and exit the maturing face.

Membranous Organelles

Five types: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, and Mitochondria.

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Description

Explore the structure and functions of the Golgi apparatus in a cell, including storage, alteration, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes.