18 Questions
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?
Transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins and lipids
Where are the hydrolytic enzymes that break down cellular waste products in lysosomes manufactured?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the process called when lysosomes break down cellular waste products and recycle the cell's organic material?
Autophagy
What is the primary function of peroxisomes in cells?
Detoxifying toxic substances
Which organelle is responsible for transporting vesicles to targeted destinations?
Golgi apparatus
What is the name of the scientist who discovered lysosomes and peroxisomes?
Christian de Duve
What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?
To synthesize proteins through the process of translation
What is the main difference between free and fixed ribosomes?
Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for use in the cell, while fixed ribosomes synthesize proteins for secretion
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize proteins via the translation process
What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
To serve as a transitional area for transport vesicles and synthesize carbohydrates and lipids
What is the process by which secretory vesicles release their contents outside the cell?
Exocytosis
What is the fate of proteins synthesized by fixed ribosomes?
They are secreted outside the cell or inserted into the plasma membrane
What is the process of phagocytosis involved in?
The endocytosis of large particles
What is the function of receptor-mediated endocytosis in red blood cells?
Endocytosing iron for hemoglobin production
What is the purpose of clathrin-mediated endocytosis?
To internalize and recycle receptors involved in various cellular processes
What is the process of exocytosis involved in?
The release of material into the extracellular space
What is an example of exocytosis in cells?
The production of enzymes by pancreatic cells
What is the purpose of vesicles in exocytosis?
To package material for release into the extracellular space
Test your knowledge of cell biology by taking this quiz on the Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, two essential organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Learn about their functions, structures, and roles in cellular processes.
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