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Questions and Answers
Name three fundamental processes that all cells have in common.
Name three fundamental processes that all cells have in common.
Growth and reproduction, communication with the environment, acquisition and assimilation of energy.
What are the two main tenets of Cell Theory?
What are the two main tenets of Cell Theory?
Cells are the functional units of life and all living organisms are composed of cells.
According to Rudolph Virchow, what is the cause of all diseases?
According to Rudolph Virchow, what is the cause of all diseases?
Disturbances at the cellular level.
List three of the eight common features that all cells possess.
List three of the eight common features that all cells possess.
What is the importance of the use of 'model organisms' in cell biology?
What is the importance of the use of 'model organisms' in cell biology?
Name three model eukaryotic organisms used in research.
Name three model eukaryotic organisms used in research.
Besides structure, name two other functions that the cell’s chemical components and reactions govern.
Besides structure, name two other functions that the cell’s chemical components and reactions govern.
What does the quote 'The whole of biology is a counterpoint between the two themes: astonishing variety in individual particulars; astonishing constancy in fundamental mechanisms' mean in the context of cell biology?
What does the quote 'The whole of biology is a counterpoint between the two themes: astonishing variety in individual particulars; astonishing constancy in fundamental mechanisms' mean in the context of cell biology?
Flashcards
What is Cell Biology?
What is Cell Biology?
The study of the fundamental units of life, cells, and their structures, functions, and interactions.
Chemical components and reactions in cell biology
Chemical components and reactions in cell biology
These are chemical reactions and components that determine how cells are built and how they take in nutrients and energy.
Macromolecular assemblies and interactions
Macromolecular assemblies and interactions
Large molecular structures within cells which work together to enable essential life processes.
What is Cell Theory?
What is Cell Theory?
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What are the functional units of life?
What are the functional units of life?
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What are Model Organisms?
What are Model Organisms?
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All diseases are disturbances at the cellular level.
All diseases are disturbances at the cellular level.
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Describe the 8 Common Features of Cells
Describe the 8 Common Features of Cells
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Study Notes
Cell Biology Fundamentals
- Cell biology studies the chemical components and reactions that govern cell structure and nutrient/energy assimilation.
- It also examines macro-molecular assemblies enabling life-supporting tasks like genetic information storage, processing, and propagation; molecular transport; and communication with the external environment.
Cell Theory
- Cells are the functional units of all living organisms.
- All living organisms are composed of cells.
Importance of Studying Cells
- Diseases arise from cellular disturbances.
- Over 200 different cell types exist in the human body.
- Cellular processes underpin human health and disease.
Common Features of Cells
- Cells are complex and organized structures.
- Cells possess a genetic program.
- Cells can reproduce.
- Cells are biochemical factories, constantly acquiring and using energy.
- Cells engage in mechanical activities
- Cells respond to stimuli.
- Cells demonstrate self-regulation.
- Evolution originates at the molecular and cellular level.
Biological Variety and Constancy
- Biology encompasses both astonishing variety in individual organisms and surprising constancy in fundamental mechanisms.
Model Eukaryotes
- "Model organisms" are selected to study eukaryotes because:
- Their genomes have been sequenced.
- Site-directed and tissue-specific mutagenesis is possible.
- Tracking expression of multiple genes across many cells is feasible.
- Developmental sequences are known.
- Examples of model eukaryotes include:
- Yeast (S. cerevisiae, S. pombe)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (Common Thale Cress)
- C. elegans (a nematode worm)
- Drosophila melanogaster (the fruitfly)
- Mouse (Mus musculus)
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