Cell Biology: Endoplasmic Reticulum and Lysosomes
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Cell Biology: Endoplasmic Reticulum and Lysosomes

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between passive and active transport?

  • The need for energy expenditure (correct)
  • The direction of movement of molecules
  • The type of molecules being transported
  • The size of the molecules being transported

    • What type of transport process involves the movement of molecules from high to low concentration?

  • Bulk transport
  • Facilitated diffusion
  • Active transport
  • Passive transport (correct)

    • Which type of protein is involved in facilitated diffusion?

  • Channel protein
  • Receptor protein
  • Carrier protein (correct)
  • Enzyme protein

    • What is the primary function of pumps in membrane transport?

    <p>To move molecules against their concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport process involves the movement of large molecules that cannot pass through the cell membrane?

    <p>Bulk transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between primary and secondary active transport?

    <p>The type of energy used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of endocytosis in bulk transport?

    <p>To move large molecules into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport process requires the use of carrier proteins?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport process occurs naturally without the need for energy expenditure?

    <p>Passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between receptors and enzymes in membrane transport?

    <p>The function of the protein in transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Structure and Function

    • A cell consists of three main parts: nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
    • The cell membrane is a thin, flexible, and elastic structure that is semipermeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while excluding others.
    • The basic structure of the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, with large globular protein molecules interspersed in it.

    Nucleus

    • The nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains large quantities of DNA, which determine the characteristics of the cell's proteins.
    • The nucleus controls cytoplasmic and nuclear activities.

    Cytoplasm

    • Cytoplasm is the clear fluid portion of the cell that contains dissolved proteins, electrolytes, and glucose.
    • It also contains neutral fat globules, glycogen granules, ribosomes, secretory vesicles, and important organelles.

    Cytoplasmic Organelles

    • Rough ER: involved in protein synthesis and transport
    • Smooth ER: involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification
    • Golgi Apparatus: involved in protein modification and transport
    • Lysosomes: contain digestive enzymes and are responsible for cellular digestion
    • Mitochondria: the "powerhouses" of the cell, responsible for energy production

    Cell Membrane Transport

    • Passive transport: movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy expenditure
      • Simple diffusion
      • Osmosis
      • Facilitated diffusion
    • Active transport: movement of molecules from low to high concentration with energy expenditure
      • Primary active transport
      • Secondary active transport
    • Bulk transport: movement of large molecules through the cell membrane
      • Endocytosis
      • Exocytosis

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    Description

    Learn about the role of Endoplasmic Reticulum in protein synthesis and the function of Lysosomes in cellular digestion. Explore how they work together to maintain cellular health.

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