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Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between passive and active transport?
What is the main difference between passive and active transport?
What type of transport process involves the movement of molecules from high to low concentration?
What type of transport process involves the movement of molecules from high to low concentration?
Which type of protein is involved in facilitated diffusion?
Which type of protein is involved in facilitated diffusion?
What is the primary function of pumps in membrane transport?
What is the primary function of pumps in membrane transport?
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Which type of transport process involves the movement of large molecules that cannot pass through the cell membrane?
Which type of transport process involves the movement of large molecules that cannot pass through the cell membrane?
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What is the difference between primary and secondary active transport?
What is the difference between primary and secondary active transport?
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What is the purpose of endocytosis in bulk transport?
What is the purpose of endocytosis in bulk transport?
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What type of transport process requires the use of carrier proteins?
What type of transport process requires the use of carrier proteins?
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Which type of transport process occurs naturally without the need for energy expenditure?
Which type of transport process occurs naturally without the need for energy expenditure?
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What is the main difference between receptors and enzymes in membrane transport?
What is the main difference between receptors and enzymes in membrane transport?
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Study Notes
Cell Structure and Function
- A cell consists of three main parts: nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
- The cell membrane is a thin, flexible, and elastic structure that is semipermeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while excluding others.
- The basic structure of the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, with large globular protein molecules interspersed in it.
Nucleus
- The nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains large quantities of DNA, which determine the characteristics of the cell's proteins.
- The nucleus controls cytoplasmic and nuclear activities.
Cytoplasm
- Cytoplasm is the clear fluid portion of the cell that contains dissolved proteins, electrolytes, and glucose.
- It also contains neutral fat globules, glycogen granules, ribosomes, secretory vesicles, and important organelles.
Cytoplasmic Organelles
- Rough ER: involved in protein synthesis and transport
- Smooth ER: involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification
- Golgi Apparatus: involved in protein modification and transport
- Lysosomes: contain digestive enzymes and are responsible for cellular digestion
- Mitochondria: the "powerhouses" of the cell, responsible for energy production
Cell Membrane Transport
- Passive transport: movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy expenditure
- Simple diffusion
- Osmosis
- Facilitated diffusion
- Active transport: movement of molecules from low to high concentration with energy expenditure
- Primary active transport
- Secondary active transport
- Bulk transport: movement of large molecules through the cell membrane
- Endocytosis
- Exocytosis
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Description
Learn about the role of Endoplasmic Reticulum in protein synthesis and the function of Lysosomes in cellular digestion. Explore how they work together to maintain cellular health.
