Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the simplest mechanism for converting a proto-oncogene into an oncogene?
What is the simplest mechanism for converting a proto-oncogene into an oncogene?
- Chromosomal translocation
- Point mutation (correct)
- Gene amplification
- Gene deletion
Which of the following is true about oncogenes?
Which of the following is true about oncogenes?
- They are only introduced by cancer-causing viruses
- They always arise from gene amplification
- They trigger excessive cell proliferation (correct)
- They primarily function as tumor suppressors
How was the first human oncogene, RAS, identified?
How was the first human oncogene, RAS, identified?
- By studying DNA mutations in cancer cells
- Through analysis of cancer-causing viruses
- Through gene amplification studies
- Via introduction of human cancer cell DNA in cultured mouse cells (correct)
Why are single oncogenes not sufficient to cause cancer?
Why are single oncogenes not sufficient to cause cancer?
What is the main function of oncogenes in triggering cancer?
What is the main function of oncogenes in triggering cancer?
What effect does gene amplification have on proto-oncogenes?
What effect does gene amplification have on proto-oncogenes?
What are microsomes?
What are microsomes?
Which type of tag can be used to exclude material from certain vesicles?
Which type of tag can be used to exclude material from certain vesicles?
What is the function of RXR tags in proteins?
What is the function of RXR tags in proteins?
What is the purpose of retrieval tags in proteins?
What is the purpose of retrieval tags in proteins?
Where does further glycosylation of proteins occur after the ER?
Where does further glycosylation of proteins occur after the ER?
What is the significance of mannose-6-phosphate tags in lysosomal proteins?
What is the significance of mannose-6-phosphate tags in lysosomal proteins?
How are Golgi-specific proteins transported within the cell?
How are Golgi-specific proteins transported within the cell?
What is a common feature of growth-signaling pathways?
What is a common feature of growth-signaling pathways?
Which oncogene codes for an altered version of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor?
Which oncogene codes for an altered version of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor?
In the Ras pathway, which protein kinase is phosphorylated by activated Ras?
In the Ras pathway, which protein kinase is phosphorylated by activated Ras?
Which oncogene is known to code for mutant Raf protein in human cancers?
Which oncogene is known to code for mutant Raf protein in human cancers?
What triggers changes in transcription factors that alter gene expression?
What triggers changes in transcription factors that alter gene expression?
Which oncogene produces abnormal versions of the Src, Jak, and Abl protein kinases?
Which oncogene produces abnormal versions of the Src, Jak, and Abl protein kinases?
What is the role of coated vesicles in vesicular traffic?
What is the role of coated vesicles in vesicular traffic?
Which proteins are involved in coating caveolae?
Which proteins are involved in coating caveolae?
What is the function of adaptor proteins in vesicle formation?
What is the function of adaptor proteins in vesicle formation?
How is vesicle formation induced during clathrin-coated vesicle assembly?
How is vesicle formation induced during clathrin-coated vesicle assembly?
Which organelles are crucial for cellular digestion?
Which organelles are crucial for cellular digestion?
What is the main role of SNARE proteins in vesicular trafficking?
What is the main role of SNARE proteins in vesicular trafficking?
Which organelle is NOT part of the endomembrane system?
Which organelle is NOT part of the endomembrane system?
What is the main function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
What is the main function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Which organelle is responsible for digesting ingested material and unneeded cellular components?
Which organelle is responsible for digesting ingested material and unneeded cellular components?
What type of ER is involved in processes like glycoprotein synthesis and protein folding?
What type of ER is involved in processes like glycoprotein synthesis and protein folding?
Which process does NOT occur in the golgi complex?
Which process does NOT occur in the golgi complex?
What is the primary function of endosomes?
What is the primary function of endosomes?
Which enzyme is specifically involved in cholesterol biosynthesis within the ER?
Which enzyme is specifically involved in cholesterol biosynthesis within the ER?
What model proposes the movement of lipids and proteins through the golgi complex by gradual maturation of cisternae?
What model proposes the movement of lipids and proteins through the golgi complex by gradual maturation of cisternae?
What is the role of proteins like calnexin and calreticulin in the ER?
What is the role of proteins like calnexin and calreticulin in the ER?
What process involves the addition of carbohydrate side chains to proteins in both the ER and golgi complex?
What process involves the addition of carbohydrate side chains to proteins in both the ER and golgi complex?
