Cell Biology: Endomembrane System and Membrane-Enclosed Organelles

What is the primary function of smooth ER in eukaryotic cells?

How did the nuclear membrane and ER originate in eukaryotic cells?

What is the term for the process by which cells take in external materials through the formation of vesicles?

What is the primary mechanism by which proteins are sorted and transported to their correct destinations in eukaryotic cells?

What percentage of the volume of a eukaryotic cell is occupied by organelles?

What is the term for the movement of molecules out of the cell through the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane?

What is the term for the process by which cells engulf and digest foreign particles and debris?

What is the primary mechanism by which individual membrane systems in the endomembrane system communicate with each other?

Which of the following organelles has its own genome and can make a subset of its own proteins?

How do membrane-enclosed organelles enlarge as cells grow?

What is the fate of organelles during cell division?

What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum in the endomembrane system?

Which of the following is a theory of how membrane-enclosed organelles evolved?

What is the continuous process by which cells produce proteins?

Where does the synthesis of virtually all proteins begin?

What is the main function of signal sequences in protein sorting?

Which organelle acquires some of its membrane proteins from the ER, but the majority from the cytosol?

What is the mechanism by which proteins enter the nucleus?

What type of amino acids are typically found in nuclear signal sequences?

Which organelles receive proteins directly from the cytosol?

What is the primary function of protein translocators?

What is the primary function of signal sequences in protein sorting?

Which of the following organelles has a double membrane structure that must be crossed during protein transport?

What is the role of chaperones in protein transport?

What is the primary mechanism of nuclear transport?

What is the fate of proteins that unfold to enter mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Which of the following processes drives nuclear transport?

What is the primary function of protein translocators in protein sorting?

What is the primary function of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?

What is theENERGY source that drives nuclear transport?

What is the name of the sequence that directs a protein from the cytosol into the nucleus?

What is the function of Ran in nuclear transport?

What is the characteristic of proteins transported through nuclear pores?

What is the meshwork of proteins in the nuclear envelope that allows small water-soluble molecules to pass freely?

What is the direction of protein transport that requires energy?

What is the purpose of the nuclear localization signal (NLS)?

What is the characteristic of the nuclear pore complex?

What determines the direction of protein transport through nuclear pores?