CYTOSKELETON,PLASTIDES TYPES

What primary function do microfilaments serve in animal cells during cell division?

Which of the following organelles is responsible for the red, orange, and yellow coloring in fruits and flowers?

What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

What components make up the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane?

Which of these structures is NOT a function of microtubules?

How do leucoplasts differ from chloroplasts?

What is the role of centrioles in animal cells?

Which part of the cell membrane is characterized as hydrophilic?

The cellular structure responsible for the movement of organisms like amoebas is primarily made up of which protein?

Cytoskeleton

Composed of a complex network of protein filaments throughout the cytoplasm.
Provides structural support, determines cell shape, and enables cell movement.

Microtubules

Formed from tubulin protein.
Essential components of cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers during cell division.

Microfilaments

Composed of actin protein.
Functions include:
- Formation of the cleavage furrow in animal cells during division.
- Movement of amoebas via pseudopodia.
- Contraction of skeletal muscles through interaction with myosin.
Located outside the nucleus, organizing spindle fibers for cell division.
Centrioles, made of microtubules and microfilaments, support cellular structure and movement.

Plastids

Chloroplasts:
- Contain chlorophyll, giving them a green color.
- Site of photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy.
- Possess their own genetic material and can replicate independently.
- Found in the green parts of plants and algae.
Leucoplasts:
- Colorless and primarily store starch.
- Commonly located in roots (e.g., turnips) and tubers (e.g., potatoes).
Chromoplasts:
- Store carotenoid pigments responsible for red, orange, and yellow colors.
- Bright pigments in flowers attract pollinators.

Cell Membrane

Semi-permeable barrier controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Composed of a phospholipid bilayer:
- Head: Contains phosphate, hydrophilic (water-attracting).
- Tail: Comprised of lipids, hydrophobic (water-repelling).

Explore the complex network of protein filaments known as the cytoskeleton, which extends throughout the cytoplasm and plays a crucial role in maintaining cell shape and enabling movement. This quiz covers the functions of microtubules and microfilaments in various cellular processes, including cell division and muscle contraction.