Cell Biology Chapter: Apoptosis & Cell Cycle
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Questions and Answers

What triggers apoptosis in a cell?

  • When the cell detects an external growth factor
  • During the S phase of the cell cycle
  • When the cell lacks energy resources
  • In the presence of DNA damage or failed checkpoints (correct)

Which of the following accurately describes the role of stem cells?

  • Stem cells can differentiate into specialized cell types but remain unspecialized. (correct)
  • Stem cells are exclusively found in adult tissues like bone marrow.
  • Stem cells can only replicate themselves indefinitely without differentiating.
  • Stem cells have no role in the development of organs.

Which of the following statements best describes cancer?

  • Cancer arises from uncontrolled cell division often due to mutations. (correct)
  • Cancer only affects cells in contact with external factors.
  • Cancer cells are always derived from stem cells only.
  • Cancer results from enhanced cell cycle regulation and apoptosis.

How does metastasis contribute to cancer progression?

<p>By allowing cancer cells to spread to new sites in the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

<p>To monitor and rectify any errors in cell division before proceeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary role do cyclins play in the cell cycle?

<p>They regulate the different stages of the cell cycle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the process of cyclin discovery?

<p>A sample of cytoplasm from a mitotic cell triggers mitosis in another cell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of quality checkpoints in the cell cycle?

<p>To verify that all processes are functioning correctly before progression. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a cell prevent itself from dividing?

<p>By lowering the cyclin levels or reducing their production. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two main functions does cell division control serve in multicellular organisms?

<p>Promoting body growth and maintaining correct shape. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Cycle Checkpoint

A built-in control mechanism that checks for errors in the cell cycle before the cell moves to the next stage.

Apoptosis

Programmed cell death, a natural process of cellular self-destruction to eliminate damaged or unwanted cells.

Stem Cells

Cells that can divide and differentiate into specialized cells of various types, such as blood cells or skin cells.

Cancer

A disorder characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division, often caused by mutations in genes that regulate the cell cycle.

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Metastasis

The spread of cancer cells from the original tumor to other parts of the body, forming new tumors.

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Cell Cycle Regulators

Molecules that control the cell cycle, ensuring cells divide only when needed, for proper body growth and shape.

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Cyclins

A group of proteins crucial for regulating the different stages of the cell cycle. They act like "on" switches, signaling the cell to proceed to the next stage.

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Experiment to Discover Cyclins

A process where a cytoplasm sample from a cell in mitosis triggered a cell in G1 phase to enter mitosis, suggesting a chemical factor in the cytoplasm drives the cell cycle.

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