Cell Biology Chapter 1: Cell Degeneration and Aging

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What is the outcome of cell degeneration?

Enhanced cell differentiation

Accelerated cell regeneration

Improvement of tissue function

Deterioration of tissues, organs, or parts of the body (correct)

What type of stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst?

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Adult stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells

Embryonic stem cells (correct)

What is the primary function of stem cells in the body?

To modulate the immune response

To regulate cellular metabolism

To provide structural support to tissues

To serve as a repair system of the body (correct)

What is the term for the gradual structural and functional changes in cells that occur over time?

Cell aging Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cellular substances being damaged?

Decreased cellular function Signup and view all the answers

What determines the health and life span of the body?

Cell aging Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of compensatory hyperplasia?

Increase in the number of cells to replace damaged ones Signup and view all the answers

Where is compensatory hyperplasia commonly seen?

Liver and epithelial cells of intestine and epidermis Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between physiological metaplasia and pathological metaplasia?

Physiological metaplasia is a normal process, while pathological metaplasia is a response to harmful stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of physiological metaplasia?

Transformation of cartilage into bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cell degeneration?

Impairment or deterioration of a tissue or organ Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of prolonged exposure to harmful stimuli, such as chronic smoking, in terms of cell transformation?

Transformation of cells into cancerous cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of WUDQVIRUPLQJ JURZWK IDFWRUV (W*)?

To stimulate epithelial cell growth and wound healing Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of apoptosis in the human body?

To remove damaged cells and maintain cellular homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of W* in skeletal muscle growth?

It promotes skeletal muscle growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of W*-ȕ when the liver attains maximum size in adults?

It inhibits liver growth and promotes apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of apoptosis during the development of central nervous system?

It removes damaged neurons and promotes cellular homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of W* in cell growth and differentiation?

It promotes cell growth and differentiation Signup and view all the answers