Cells

<p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rudolf Virchow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To grow and replace worn out cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theodor Schwann</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rudolf Virchow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To replenish and repair cells in multicellular organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stage in the cell cycle where genetic material is condensing into chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce gametes with half the original amount of genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rudolf Virchow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce gametes with half of the genetic complement of the parent cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To replace worn out cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stage in the cell cycle where all the genetic material is condensing into chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell = Basic structures of all living organisms Organelles = Specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells Classical Cell Theory = Proposed by Theodor Schwann in 1839, stating that all organisms are made up of cells and all life functions occur within cells Discovery of Cells = First discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 using a compound microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theodor Schwann = Proposed the classical cell theory in 1839 Robert Hooke = First discovered cells in 1665 Matthias Schleiden = Proposed that cells are the basic building blocks of all plant matter Robert Remak = Proposed that new cells arise from pre-existing cells in both diseased and healthy tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell Theory = All organisms are made up of one or more cells, all the life functions of an organism occur within cells, and all cells come from preexisting cells Cells = Group together to form tissues, which in turn group together to form organs Organelles = Contain a number of functional structures that carry out tasks such as making proteins, processing chemicals and generating energy for the cell Discovery of Cells = Observation of tiny pores in thin slices of bottle cork by Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prophase = The initial stage of mitosis and of the mitotic division of meiosis characterized by the condensation of chromosomes consisting of two chromatids, disappearance of the nucleolus and nuclear membrane, and formation of mitotic spindle. Metaphase = A stage in the cell cycle where all the genetic material is condensing into chromosomes. These chromosomes then become visible. During this stage, the nucleus disappears and the chromosomes appear in the cytoplasm of the cell. Anaphase = The stage of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle. Telophase = The fifth and final phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells. During telophase, a nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to separate the nuclear DNA from the cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Matthias Schleiden = Declared that the cell is the basic building block of all plant matter. Rudolf Virchow = Proposed the concept of 'omnis cellula e cellula', which translates to each cell comes from another cell, and which became a fundamental concept for cell theory. Robert Hooke = First discovered cells using a compound microscope in 1665.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitosis = A process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn out cells. Meiosis = A process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. The purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes, the sperm and eggs, with half of the genetic complement of the parent cells. Prophase = The initial stage of mitosis and of the mitotic division of meiosis characterized by the condensation of chromosomes consisting of two chromatids, disappearance of the nucleolus and nuclear membrane, and formation of mitotic spindle. Anaphase = The stage of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromosomes = A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell. It is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes. Each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromatid = One of two identical halves of a replicated chromosome. During cell division, the chromosomes first replicate so that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. Telophase = The fifth and final phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells. During telophase, a nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to separate the nuclear DNA from the cytoplasm. Metaphase = A stage in the cell cycle where all the genetic material is condensing into chromosomes. These chromosomes then become visible. During this stage, the nucleus disappears and the chromosomes appear in the cytoplasm of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers