Cells - Parts of the Cell Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are cells?

  • Always perform photosynthesis
  • Large structures that are visible without a microscope
  • Basic units of structure and function in living things (correct)
  • Only found in plant organisms

What are organelles?

A membrane-enclosed structure with a specialized function within a cell.

What is cytoplasm?

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended.

What is the function of chloroplasts?

<p>An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are microscopic cells?

<p>The smallest units of all living things.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nucleus in a cell?

<p>A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a vacuole?

<p>Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are mitochondria?

<p>The 'powerhouse' of the cell where energy is made.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is energy in biological context?

<p>The ability to do work; organisms use energy to form biological functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the endoplasmic reticulum?

<p>A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does respiration refer to in biology?

<p>Breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are enzymes?

<p>The special proteins that speed up chemical reactions of a cell to biologically useful rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ribosomes?

<p>A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cell wall?

<p>Found outside the cell membrane, made mostly of cellulose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cellulose?

<p>A substance made of sugars that is common in the cell walls of many organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cells and Organelles

  • Cells are the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms.
  • Organelles are specialized, membrane-enclosed structures within cells that perform specific functions.

Cytoplasm and Cell Components

  • Cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell, surrounding and supporting organelles.
  • Microscopic cells are the smallest units of life, essential to the composition of all living things.

Nucleus and Genetic Material

  • The nucleus houses DNA and RNA, playing a crucial role in cellular growth and reproduction.

Energy and Cell Function

  • Mitochondria are termed the "powerhouses" of the cell, responsible for energy production.
  • Energy is vital for performing biological functions and maintaining life processes.

Storage and Transport

  • Vacuoles serve as storage units within the cell for water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
  • The endoplasmic reticulum forms a network of passageways for the transport of proteins and materials within the cell.

Photosynthesis and Specific Organelles

  • Chloroplasts are found in plant and algal cells, where they facilitate the process of photosynthesis.

Protein Synthesis and Enzymatic Activity

  • Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.
  • Enzymes are specialized proteins that accelerate chemical reactions within a cell, making them biologically viable.

Structural Features

  • The cell wall, primarily composed of cellulose, provides structural support and protection to plant cells.
  • Cellulose, made from sugar molecules, is an essential component of many organisms' cell walls.

Respiration

  • Respiration refers to the process of breathing and is critical for energy production in organisms.

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Test your knowledge on the essential terms related to cells with these flashcards. Learn about the basic units of life, organelles, and their functions in living organisms. Perfect for students studying biology or anyone interested in cell structure.

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