Questions and Answers
What are cells?
What are organelles?
A membrane-enclosed structure with a specialized function within a cell.
What is cytoplasm?
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended.
What is the function of chloroplasts?
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What are microscopic cells?
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What is the nucleus in a cell?
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What is the role of a vacuole?
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What are mitochondria?
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What is energy in biological context?
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What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
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What does respiration refer to in biology?
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What are enzymes?
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What are ribosomes?
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What is the cell wall?
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What is cellulose?
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Study Notes
Cells and Organelles
- Cells are the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms.
- Organelles are specialized, membrane-enclosed structures within cells that perform specific functions.
Cytoplasm and Cell Components
- Cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell, surrounding and supporting organelles.
- Microscopic cells are the smallest units of life, essential to the composition of all living things.
Nucleus and Genetic Material
- The nucleus houses DNA and RNA, playing a crucial role in cellular growth and reproduction.
Energy and Cell Function
- Mitochondria are termed the "powerhouses" of the cell, responsible for energy production.
- Energy is vital for performing biological functions and maintaining life processes.
Storage and Transport
- Vacuoles serve as storage units within the cell for water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- The endoplasmic reticulum forms a network of passageways for the transport of proteins and materials within the cell.
Photosynthesis and Specific Organelles
- Chloroplasts are found in plant and algal cells, where they facilitate the process of photosynthesis.
Protein Synthesis and Enzymatic Activity
- Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.
- Enzymes are specialized proteins that accelerate chemical reactions within a cell, making them biologically viable.
Structural Features
- The cell wall, primarily composed of cellulose, provides structural support and protection to plant cells.
- Cellulose, made from sugar molecules, is an essential component of many organisms' cell walls.
Respiration
- Respiration refers to the process of breathing and is critical for energy production in organisms.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the essential terms related to cells with these flashcards. Learn about the basic units of life, organelles, and their functions in living organisms. Perfect for students studying biology or anyone interested in cell structure.