Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary consequence if a cell fails to adapt to stress?
What is the primary consequence if a cell fails to adapt to stress?
Which of the following types of adaptation is characterized by an increase in cell size?
Which of the following types of adaptation is characterized by an increase in cell size?
Which type of cellular adaptation involves an increase in the number of cells?
Which type of cellular adaptation involves an increase in the number of cells?
What defines homeostasis in relation to cellular function?
What defines homeostasis in relation to cellular function?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following adaptations is not considered a minor type?
Which of the following adaptations is not considered a minor type?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements regarding cell adaption is false?
Which of the following statements regarding cell adaption is false?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the five minor types of adaption?
What are the five minor types of adaption?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor does NOT contribute to cellular atrophy?
Which factor does NOT contribute to cellular atrophy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an example of physiological atrophy?
What is an example of physiological atrophy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following correctly explains the role of denervation in cellular atrophy?
Which of the following correctly explains the role of denervation in cellular atrophy?
Signup and view all the answers
List some common causes of atrophy (hint 6 in class)
List some common causes of atrophy (hint 6 in class)
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary distinction between hypoplasia and atrophy?
What is the primary distinction between hypoplasia and atrophy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following terms refers to incomplete or underdevelopment of an organ?
Which of the following terms refers to incomplete or underdevelopment of an organ?
Signup and view all the answers
A condition characterized by the complete lack of development of an organ is known as:
A condition characterized by the complete lack of development of an organ is known as:
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term "hypotrophy" or "abiotrophy" describe?
What does the term "hypotrophy" or "abiotrophy" describe?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cell Adaptation
- Cell adaptation occurs when cellular homeostasis is disrupted by stress or disease.
- Cells adapt to stress; failure to adapt leads to cellular injury.
- Adaptation preserves cellular viability and function.
- Adaptation is not an irreversible change.
- Adaptation can be physiological or pathological.
Types of Cellular Adaptation
-
Atrophy: Decreased cell size and/or number, along with decreased metabolic activity after normal growth has been reached. Cells are not dead. This is characterized by a decrease in protein synthesis and an increase in protein degradation.
- Causes: Decreased workload, denervation, reduced blood supply or oxygen, inadequate nutrition, loss of endocrine stimulation, and aging (senescence).
- Examples: Muscle disuse (e.g., limb in a cast), sedentary lifestyle, atrophy of the adrenal cortex due to reduced ACTH stimulation (steroid therapy), atrophy in tissues adjacent to tumors due to pressure and compromised blood supply, and physiological atrophy (e.g., non-lactating mammary gland, postpartum uterus).
- Hypertrophy: Increased cell size.
- Hyperplasia: Increased cell number.
- Dysplasia: Disordered cell growth and maturation.
- Metaplasia: Replacement of one cell type by another.
Homeostasis
- Homeostasis is the tendency toward stability in the normal state of an organism.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the concepts of cellular adaptation and homeostasis. This quiz covers the types of cell adaptation, including atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia, and metaplasia, as well as the importance of maintaining cellular viability and function. Test your understanding of how cells respond to stress and disease.
