Chapter 15 : Head & Neck
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Questions and Answers

Causes of TBI

Occurs with transportation accidents • Presence of violence, such as firearm assaults and child abuse or self-inflicted wounds • Falling • Excessive alcohol ingestion • Infants and elderly being cared for by caregivers

Causes Of TBI

  • Infants and elderly being cared for by caregivers : shaken baby
  • Presence of violence, such as firearm assaults and child abuse or self inflicted wound
  • Falling and excessive alcohol
  • all of them (correct)

    • Traumatic Brain Injury can only occur with transportation accidents involving automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, and pedestrians.

    False

    The presence of violence, such as firearm assaults and child abuse or self-inflicted wounds, can cause Traumatic Brain Injury.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excessive alcohol ingestion is not a risk factor for Traumatic Brain Injury.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Risk factors for TBI

    <h1>Infant and toddlers = Environmental risks (for falls) • Lack of parental knowledge of shaken baby syndrome • Caregivers risk of shaken baby syndrome Children and teens = Knowledge and use of protective equipment in sports and bicycle use • Knowledge and use of safety practices when driving Adults and older adults = Knowledge and use of safety practices when driving • Impairment of physical or mental stability • Potential for maltreatment or domestic violence</h1> Signup and view all the answers

    Prevention for TBI : infants and toddlers

    <p>Buckle child in car , window guards, safety gates , play ground should be shock proof</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prevention of TBI : infants and toddlers

    <p>Birth - 2 yrs = Rear facing 2-4 yrs = forward facing 4-8yrs or 4'9 in = booster seat 8yrs or 4'9 in = seat belt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prevention of TBI : children and teens

    <p>Never driving while under the influence of alcohol or drugs, wear helmets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prevention of TBI : adults or older adults

    <p>safety living : no tripping hazards ( rugs ) , Nonslip mats , Bright lights , Handrails both side stairs , grab bars by toliets and in shower . Regular activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using nonslip mats in the bathtub and on shower floors is a prevention measure for TBI in seniors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Installing grab bars next to the toilet and in the tub or shower is a prevention measure for TBI in seniors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Installing window guards to keep young children from falling out of open windows is a prevention measure for TBI in children.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a prevention measure for Traumatic Brain Injury in seniors?

    <p>Using nonslip mats in the bathtub and on shower floors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a prevention measure for Traumatic Brain Injury in children?

    <p>Making sure that the surface on your child’s playground is made of shock-absorbing material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a prevention measure for Traumatic Brain Injury in seniors?

    <p>Maintaining a regular physical activity program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following conditions with their corresponding characteristics:

    <p>Microcephaly = Small head Paget Disease = Acorn shaped skull bones Acromegaly = Excess GH creates enlarged skull and thickened cranial bones, enlarged hands and feet Cushing Syndrome = Excess ACTH and chronic steroid use; moon face, buffalo hump, red cheeks, hirsutism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following syndromes with their associated symptoms:

    <p>Acromegaly = Enlarged skull and thickened cranial bones, enlarged hands and feet Cushing Syndrome = Moon face, buffalo hump, red cheeks, hirsutism Microcephaly = Small head Paget Disease = Acorn shaped skull bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following diseases with their defining features:

    <p>Cushing Syndrome = Excess ACTH and chronic steroid use Microcephaly = Small head Paget Disease = Acorn shaped skull bones Acromegaly = Excess GH creates enlarged skull and thickened cranial bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Microcephaly is characterized by enlarged hands and feet.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Acromegaly is caused by excess growth hormone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Cushing syndrome is characterized by excess ACTH and chronic steroid use.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following diseases with their corresponding symptoms:

    <p>Scleroderma = Tightened-hard face with thinning facial skin Hypothyroidism = Reduces metabolic rate, fatigue, cold intolerance, puffy face, edema around eyes, dry/coarse/sparse hair Bell palsy = Dry eye, eye tearing, drooping eyelid or corner of mouth, drooling, dry mouth, decreased ability to taste, facial distortion, one-sided face paralysis, weakness, paralysis, twitching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their corresponding diseases:

    <p>Tightened-hard face with thinning facial skin = Scleroderma Reduces metabolic rate, fatigue, cold intolerance, puffy face, edema around eyes, dry/coarse/sparse hair = Hypothyroidism Dry eye, eye tearing, drooping eyelid or corner of mouth, drooling, dry mouth, decreased ability to taste, facial distortion, one-sided face paralysis, weakness, paralysis, twitching = Bell palsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following conditions with their onset characteristics:

    <p>Scleroderma = Abnormal growth of connective tissue Hypothyroidism = Deficiency of thyroid hormones Bell palsy = Usually begins suddenly and peaks within 48 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their corresponding diseases:

    <p>Abnormal growth of connective tissue and thinning facial skin = Scleroderma Reduced metabolic rate, fatigue, cold intolerance, puffy face, edema around eyes, dry/coarse/sparse hair = Hypothyroidism Dry eye, eye tearing, drooping eyelid or corner of mouth, drooling, dry mouth, decreased ability to taste, facial distortion, one-sided face paralysis, weakness, paralysis, twitching = Bell Palsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following diseases with their specific facial symptoms:

    <p>Scleroderma = Tightened-hard face with thinning facial skin Hypothyroidism = Puffy face, edema around eyes Bell Palsy = Drooping eyelid or corner of mouth, facial distortion, one-sided face paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Decreased appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by severe unilateral headache sometimes accompanied by visual disturbances?

    <p>Temporal arteritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by a "mask-like face"?

    <p>Parkinson's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their associated conditions:

    <p>Exophthalmos, excess TH, unexplained weight loss, increased appetite, rapid HR, nervousness, sweating, tremor = Hyperthyroidism Severe unilateral headache sometimes accompanied by visual disturbances = Temporal arteritis Mask-like face = Parkinson’s Sunken face = Cachexia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following diseases with their specific facial symptoms:

    <p>Hyperthyroidism = Exophthalmos Temporal arteritis = No specific facial symptom Parkinson’s = Mask-like face Cachexia = Sunken face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following conditions with their defining features:

    <p>Hyperthyroidism = Excess TH Temporal arteritis = Painful inflammation of the temporal artery Parkinson’s = Mask-like face Cachexia = Sunken face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Equipment for Head and Neck includes a thermometer?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Stethoscope is a necessary equipment for Head and Neck?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Gloves are not required for Head and Neck procedures?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patient who is 68 , female comes in with Sudden weight loss, without changes in appetite and diet • Increased appetite • Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia) greater than 100 beats a minute, irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), or palpitations • Nervousness, anxiety, and irritability • Tremor in the hands and fingers • Sweating

    <p>Hyperthyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Male 55 come in at 16:30 with Increased sensitivity to cold • Constipation • Depression • Fatigue • Heavier menstrual periods • Pale, dry skin • Thin, brittle hair or nails • Weakness • Unintentional weight gain

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Changes in menstrual patterns • Increased sensitivity to heat • Changes in bowel patterns, more frequent bowel movements • Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) • Fatigue, insomnia • Muscle weakness indicates what ?

    <p>Hyperthyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some risk factors for Risk factors for head and neck cancer

    <p>o tobacco products o alcohol o Age older than 50 o Male  o HPV o Epstein-barr virus o radiation o chemical exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    TBI-

    <p>B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Males are at a higher risk than females to sustain or die from Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Using nonslip mats in the bathtub and on shower floors is a prevention measure for TBI in seniors?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Excessive alcohol ingestion is not a risk factor for Traumatic Brain Injury?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Older adults with Arthritis or osteoporosis may experience neck pain and a decreased range of motion?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: In older clients, facial wrinkles are prominent because subcutaneous fat decreases with age?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The strength of pulsation of temporal artery may be increased in older clients?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Normal or Abnormal : older adults

    <p>Normal = Thyroid may also be felt lower in the neck Normal = “dowager’s hump” Normal = thyroid may feel nodular or irregular bc of fibrotic Abnormal = upper face will shrink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of neck pain in older adults with arthritis or osteoporosis?

    <p>Decreased flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the accumulation of fat around the cervical vertebrae in older women?

    <p>Dowager's hump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may the thyroid feel nodular or irregular in older clients?

    <p>Fibrotic changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Older adults with Arthritis or osteoporosis may experience neck pain and a decreased range of motion due to _______

    <p>OA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In older clients, facial wrinkles are prominent because subcutaneous fat decreases with _______

    <p>age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cervical curvature may increase due to kyphosis of the _______

    <p>spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following headaches with their primary symptoms:

    <p>Sinus headache = Deep, constant, throbbing pain; pressure-like pain in one specific area of face or head; face tender to touch Cluster headache = Stabbing pain; may be accompanied by tearing, eyelid drooping, reddened eye, or runny nose, miosis, non-throbbing Tension headache = Dull, tight, diffuse; No prodromal stage; may occur with stress, anxiety, or depression Migraine headache = Accompanied by N/V, and sensitivity to noise or light; May have prodromal stage (visual disturbances, vertigo, tinnitus, numbness or tingling of fingers or toes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following headaches with their typical locations:

    <p>Sinus headache = May occur in one area of face or along eyebrow ridge and below the cheekbone Cluster headache = Localized in the eye and orbit and radiating to the facial and temporal regions Tension headache = Usually located in the frontal, temporal, or occipital region Migraine headache = Located around eyes, temples, cheeks, or forehead; may affect only one side of the face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following headache types with their associated characteristics:

    <p>Cluster headache = Has a sudden onset; may be precipitated by ingesting alcohol Tension headache = Usually occurs with stress, anxiety, or depression Migraine headache = May be precipitated by emotional disturbances; anxiety; or ingestion of alcohol, cheese, chocolate, or other foods and substances to which client is sensitive Tumor-related Headache = Aching, steady; neurologic and mental symptoms as well as N/V and No prodromal stage; may be aggravated by coughing, sneezing, or sudden movements of the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of headache is characterized by deep, constant, throbbing pain and pressure-like pain in one specific area of the face or head?

    <p>Sinus headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of headache is accompanied by tearing, eyelid drooping, reddened eye, or runny nose, and is localized in the eye and orbit and radiating to the facial and temporal regions?

    <p>Cluster headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of headache is dull, tight, and diffuse, and may occur with stress, anxiety, or depression?

    <p>Tension headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sinus headaches are characterized by deep, constant, throbbing pain and pressure-like pain in one specific area of the face or head.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cluster headaches are accompanied by tearing, eyelid drooping, reddened eye, or runny nose, and are localized in the eye and orbit and radiating to the facial and temporal regions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tension headaches have a prodromal stage and are usually located in the frontal, temporal, or occipital region.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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