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What are the functions of the urinary system?
What are the functions of the urinary system?
Filters blood to remove waste, excretes waste from the body, and maintains normal pH of blood.
What makes up the urinary system?
What makes up the urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra.
What are the 2 main parts of a nephron?
What are the 2 main parts of a nephron?
Renal corpuscle and renal tubule.
What makes up the glomerulus?
What makes up the glomerulus?
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What is the name of the glomerulus capsule?
What is the name of the glomerulus capsule?
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How does blood enter the glomerulus?
How does blood enter the glomerulus?
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How is fluid carried away from the glomerular capsule?
How is fluid carried away from the glomerular capsule?
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What are the functions of the ureter?
What are the functions of the ureter?
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Which layer of the ureter exhibits peristalsis?
Which layer of the ureter exhibits peristalsis?
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What is the function of the urinary bladder?
What is the function of the urinary bladder?
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What is the function of rugae in the wall of the urinary bladder?
What is the function of rugae in the wall of the urinary bladder?
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What muscle expels urine from the urinary bladder?
What muscle expels urine from the urinary bladder?
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________ is made up of 3 openings and is located on the floor of the urinary bladder.
________ is made up of 3 openings and is located on the floor of the urinary bladder.
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What is a characteristic of the urethra in males?
What is a characteristic of the urethra in males?
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What controls the passage of urine through the urethra?
What controls the passage of urine through the urethra?
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What is the longest part of the male urethra?
What is the longest part of the male urethra?
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What is involved in urine formation?
What is involved in urine formation?
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What substances are reabsorbed into the body from the renal tubule?
What substances are reabsorbed into the body from the renal tubule?
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What hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands that increases absorption of sodium and reduces urine output?
What hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands that increases absorption of sodium and reduces urine output?
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What occurs in the absence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
What occurs in the absence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
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What enzyme is secreted by the kidney that helps regulate blood pressure?
What enzyme is secreted by the kidney that helps regulate blood pressure?
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What is the medical term for expelling urine?
What is the medical term for expelling urine?
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What occurs in the urinary system when you age?
What occurs in the urinary system when you age?
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Study Notes
Functions of the Urinary System
- Filters blood to eliminate waste products
- Excretes waste from the body
- Maintains normal pH balance of blood
Components of the Urinary System
- Comprises kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Nephron Structure
- Consists of renal corpuscle and renal tubule
Glomerulus Composition
- Made up of a cluster of capillaries
Bowman Capsule
- The name of the capsule surrounding the glomerulus
Afferent Arteriole
- Blood enters the glomerulus via this vessel
Fluid Transport in Nephrons
- Fluid moves away from the glomerular capsule through the renal tubule toward the collecting ducts
Ureter Function
- Carries urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder
Peristalsis in Ureters
- The muscular layer of the ureter responsible for peristalsis
Urinary Bladder Function
- Acts as a temporary storage reservoir for urine
Rugae Function
- Allows urinary bladder expansion as it fills
Urine Expulsion
- Urine is expelled from the bladder by the contraction of the detrusor muscle
Trigone Area
- A triangular area on the floor of the urinary bladder marked by three openings
Male Urethra Characteristics
- Long, measuring about 20 cm (7-8 inches)
Urine Passage Control
- Controlled by two sphincters: internal and external urethral sphincters
Longest Portion of Male Urethra
- The spongy urethra
Urine Formation Process
- Involves glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion
Substances Reabsorbed in Renal Tubule
- Includes glucose, water, sodium, and other electrolytes
Aldosterone Function
- A hormone from adrenal glands that increases sodium absorption and decreases urine output
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Absence Effects
- Tubules become less permeable to water
- Reduced water reabsorption leads to large volumes of dilute urine and increased water loss
Renin Production
- An enzyme secreted by kidneys that helps to regulate blood pressure
Micturition Definition
- Medical term for the act of expelling urine
Urinary System Aging Changes
- Strength and elasticity of bladder muscles decrease
- Bladder has reduced ability to expand/contract, leading to incomplete emptying
- Awareness of urgency may be delayed until bladder is nearly full
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of the urinary system with these flashcards. This quiz covers the functions, structures, and components of the urinary system, including the kidneys and nephrons. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of Chapter 15.
