30 Questions
What is the underlying mechanism of drug-induced aplastic anemia?
Formation of drug metabolite complexes with cellular proteins in bone marrow
Which of the following is not a diagnostic criterion for aplastic anemia?
History of exposure to antineoplastic agents or intensive radiation
What is the first step in the treatment of drug-induced aplastic anemia?
Removing the suspected offending agent
What is the mechanism of action of cyclosporine in the treatment of aplastic anemia?
Suppressing the immune system by inhibiting T-lymphocyte activation
What is the definition of severe aplastic anemia?
Neutrophil count of less than 500/mm³, Platelet count of less than 20,000/mm³
What is the typical dose of methylprednisolone used in the treatment of aplastic anemia?
1 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks
What is the typical timeframe for the symptoms of drug-induced agranulocytosis to appear?
Within 7 to 14 days
Which of the following is a common drug that can cause agranulocytosis?
Phenothiazine (Clozapine)
What is the primary treatment for drug-induced agranulocytosis?
Transfusion of granulocytes
How does drug adsorption mechanism contribute to drug-induced neutropenia?
Antibodies attach to the drug-membrane complex causing cell toxicity
Which diagnostic method is used for drug-induced agranulocytosis?
Complete blood count
What do Sargramostim & Filgrastim (CSF) do in the treatment of drug-induced agranulocytosis?
They help the body make more neutrophils and other blood cells
Which of the following is NOT an example of a drug that can induce hemolytic anemia?
Aspirin
What is the underlying mechanism by which drugs can induce hemolytic anemia?
The drugs cause the immune system to attack red blood cells
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of drug-induced hemolytic anemia?
Chest pain
What test is used to detect the presence of antibodies against red blood cells in the diagnosis of drug-induced hemolytic anemia?
Direct or indirect Coombs' test
If drug-induced hemolytic anemia is severe, which of the following treatments may be used in addition to stopping the offending drug?
Corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin infusions
What is the purpose of administering iron supplements in the treatment of drug-induced hemolytic anemia?
To replace iron lost due to hemolysis
What is the most common cause of mortality in patients with Aplastic anemia?
Bacterial and fungal infections
What is the estimated mortality rate for patients with drug-induced Aplastic anemia?
51%
Which of the following drugs is NOT known to cause Aplastic anemia?
Methotrexate
What is the main mechanism by which drug-induced Aplastic anemia occurs?
Combination of direct cytotoxicity and immunologic response
How does chemotherapy lead to Aplastic anemia?
By disrupting DNA synthesis and replication
What is the key principle to consider when prescribing drugs known to cause Aplastic anemia?
The potential for the drug to cure or control the illness should always be weighed against the risks of Aplastic anemia
What is the primary purpose of administering erythropoietin in patients with kidney problems?
To increase red blood cell (RBC) production
What is the recommended approach for transfusion therapy according to the text?
Transfusions should be avoided unless absolutely necessary
In auto immune hemolytic anemia, what is the recommended approach for blood transfusions?
Use the least incompatible blood if transfusions are indicated
What is the primary function of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy?
To provide antibodies for antibody deficiencies
How long do the effects of IVIG typically last?
2 weeks to 3 months
What is the underlying cause of megaloblastic anemia in drug-induced cases?
Effects of the drug on DNA synthesis
Explore the various factors that can lead to Aplastic anemia, including exposure to pesticides, specific drugs, radiation, and viruses. Learn about the major causes of mortality in patients with Aplastic anemia, focusing on infections and bleeding.
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