Categories of Race and Ethnicity for Federal Statistics

Cultural Nursing Care

• A cultural nursing care aims to provide care that is sensitive to the cultural needs of patients, eliminating biases and stereotypes.

Unique Individuals

• Each individual is unique, as emphasized by the quote "Every individual is like all others, like some others, and like no other."

Addressing Cultural Needs

• Nurses should consider the patient's cultural background, values, and beliefs when addressing their cultural needs.

Generalization and Stereotyping

• The main difference between generalization and stereotyping is that generalization is a broad statement that is often true, while stereotyping is an oversimplification that is often inaccurate.

Ethnocentrism

• Ethnocentrism is the tendency to judge other cultures based on one's own cultural values and biases.

Hispanic/Latino

• The term "Hispanic" or "Latino" refers to individuals who trace their ethnic origins to Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Central and South America, or other Spanish-speaking countries.

Communication in the United States

• The primary language of communication in the United States is English.
• The customary greeting in the United States is a handshake or a hug.

African Americans

• The term "African American" is used to identify individuals whose ancestral origin is Africa.

Culture

• Culture incorporates beliefs, values, and lifestyles, according to Giger (2013).

Race and Ethnicity

• Race refers to a categorization of people based on genetically shared physical characteristics.
• Ethnicity represents a group's shared cultural heritage, including language, customs, and traditions.

Minority

• The term "minority" refers to a group that is smaller in number or less powerful than the dominant group.

Population Growth

• According to Haber (2013), the Hispanic population is expected to experience a projected growth in the United States.

Ageism

• Ageism promotes discrimination and stereotypes based on age.

Transcultural Nursing

• The term "transcultural nursing" was coined by Madeleine Leininger in the 1970s for providing nursing care within the context of another's culture.

Language Access

• The federal law states that people with limited English proficiency are entitled to the same health care and social services as those who speak English fluently.
• The most appropriate form of communication with a client who has limited English proficiency is through a qualified interpreter, according to the Joint Commission (TJC).

Limited English Proficiency

• LEP stands for Limited English Proficiency in the context of healthcare.
• Failing to provide language access services is considered a civil rights violation.

Communication Methods

• One of the alternative methods for communicating when a trained interpreter is not available is through a bilingual family member or friend.
• A skilled interpreter should be sensitive to the cultural nuances of the client's language.

Communicating with Diverse Groups

• When communicating with Native Americans, it is essential to be aware of their cultural values and avoid interruptions.
• When communicating with African Americans, it is recommended to use a collaborative and empathetic approach.
• When communicating with non-English-speaking clients, it is essential to use a qualified interpreter or bilingual staff.
• Native Americans may interpret touch or physical contact as an invasion of personal space.

Providing Care

• When providing close contact during nursing procedures and personal care, it is essential to be respectful of the client's cultural values and boundaries.
• When interacting with Latino men, nurses should be mindful of the machismo culture and avoid direct confrontation.

Effective Communication

• Nonverbal communication, such as a smile or a gentle tone, might be universally accurate and well interpreted.
• Nurses should provide explanations when close physical contact is necessary, due to cultural differences in personal space.