Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most likely diagnosis based on the provided information?
What is the most likely diagnosis based on the provided information?
- Thrombocytopenia
- Infectious Mononucleosis
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Acute leukemia (correct)
What is the most likely explanation for the thrombocytopenia?
What is the most likely explanation for the thrombocytopenia?
- Nutritional deficiency
- Increased platelet destruction
- Splenic sequestration
- Bone marrow suppression due to leukemia (correct)
What is the significance of the "flower like cells" observed in the peripheral blood smear?
What is the significance of the "flower like cells" observed in the peripheral blood smear?
- They are a hallmark of acute leukemia. (correct)
- They are indicative of an autoimmune disorder.
- They are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia.
- They are often associated with viral infections.
What is the purpose of the immunophenotyping?
What is the purpose of the immunophenotyping?
What is the likely reason for the recommendation for bone marrow examination?
What is the likely reason for the recommendation for bone marrow examination?
Flashcards
Epistaxis
Epistaxis
Bleeding from the nose, often associated with trauma or medical conditions.
Anemia
Anemia
A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia
A condition with low platelet count in the blood.
Blastic Leukocytosis
Blastic Leukocytosis
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Immunophenotyping
Immunophenotyping
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Study Notes
Case Presentation
- A 13-year-old male presented with epistaxis (nosebleed) and pallor (pale skin)
- Laboratory tests revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and leukocytosis (high white blood cell count)
- Peripheral blood smear showed blast cells with a high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, irregular nuclei, and scant cytoplasm
- Red blood cell morphology was normochromic and normocytic.
- Platelet count was moderately reduced (~54 x 10^9/L)
- Immunophenotyping indicated a possible B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) possibly of a 'common' subtype, highlighted by aberrant CD33 expression
CBC Findings
- White blood cell count (WBC): 335 x 10^9/L (an elevated white blood cell count)
- Platelet count (PLT): 41 x 10^9/L (a markedly low platelet count)
- Hemoglobin (HGB): low (4.6 or lower)
- Hematocrit (HCT): low (14.1%)
Immunophenotyping Details
- The study used flow cytometry to analyze the blood sample.
- The results suggest a predominance of blasts (a type of immature white blood cells)
- Analysis revealed the presence of certain markers (positive or negative) on the blasts.
- The results strongly suggest a diagnosis of B-ALL with a probable "common" subtype, characterized by aberrant CD33 expression.
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