Cardiovascular System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

  • To regulate body temperature
  • To transport blood, supplying the body with oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other substances and removes wastes (correct)
  • To produce hormones that regulate growth and development
  • To facilitate the exchange of gases between the body and the environment

    • How often does the adult heart pump approximately?

  • 200,000 times a day
  • 50,000 times a day
  • 50 times a day
  • 100,000 times a day (correct)

    • What is the term for the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat?

  • Stroke volume (correct)
  • Cardiac output
  • Diastolic pressure
  • Heart rate

    • What is the name of the system that controls the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat?

    <p>Cardiac Conduction System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the simultaneous contraction of both atria?

    <p>Atrial contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the pressure changes that occur as blood moves through the system?

    <p>Pressure gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the relaxing phase of the cardiac cycle?

    <p>Diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the cardiac output calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the valves that allow blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricles?

    <p>Atrio-ventricular valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much blood is pumped out of the heart with each beat, on average?

    <p>50-100 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Sinoatrial Node (SN)?

    <p>To act as the pacemaker, generating the heartbeat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the depolarisation phase of the heartbeat?

    <p>Both the atria and ventricles contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Atrioventricular (AV) node?

    <p>To transmit the electrical signal from the atria to the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Bundle of His?

    <p>To transmit the electrical signal from the AV node to the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Purkinje fibres?

    <p>To transmit the electrical signal from the Bundle of His to the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Superior vena cava?

    <p>To return blood from the superior part of the body to the right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Left pulmonary veins?

    <p>To carry oxygenated blood from the left lung to the left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Atrioventricular valves?

    <p>To ensure one-way flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Chordae tendineae?

    <p>To connect the valve leaflets to the papillary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Capillaries?

    <p>To exchange gases, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and body cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the epithelial tissue in blood vessels?

    <p>To release substances important for blood vessel diameter, blood clotting, and immune function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sequence of blood flow through the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of valves in many veins?

    <p>To prevent backflow of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the abnormal heart rhythms?

    <p>Arhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the connective tissue in blood vessels?

    <p>To provide structural support and shape to the vessel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the blockage of the blood supply to the heart?

    <p>Heart attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the electrocardiogram (ECG)?

    <p>To check the heart's electrical activity and rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the wave created by the spread of ventricular repolarisation?

    <p>T wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the blood vessels that receive blood from capillaries and deliver it to veins?

    <p>Venules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fatty plaques that can block the blood supply to the heart?

    <p>Atherosclerotic plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the action potentials in the Purkinje fibres?

    <p>To cause the rapid spread of action potentials throughout the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood vessels are responsible for delivering blood to capillaries?

    <p>Arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the septum in the heart?

    <p>To separate the left and right side of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the diastole phase of the heartbeat?

    <p>The pacemaker potentials in the Sinoatrial Node undergo spontaneous slow depolarisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the semilunar valves?

    <p>To control the flow of blood from the ventricles to the aorta and pulmonary trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and back to the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atrioventricular valves?

    <p>To control the flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the chordae tendineae?

    <p>To connect the valve leaflets to the papillary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the pathway of blood flow from the heart to the body and back to the heart?

    <p>Systemic circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atrial contraction during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>To force blood into the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the simultaneous contraction of both atria and ventricles during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>A repetitive pattern of contraction and relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cardiac conduction system in the heart?

    <p>To control the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat?

    <p>50-100mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the atrio-ventricular valves during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>To allow blood to flow from the atria to the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the heart beating at a rate of 70 beats per minute?

    <p>An increase in the cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the heart as a pump during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>To propel blood through the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time duration of the two-part pumping action of the heart?

    <p>About 1 second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total amount of blood pumped by the heart daily?

    <p>6,000-7,500 litres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the smooth muscle in blood vessels?

    <p>To control the internal diameter of the vessel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the valves in many veins?

    <p>To prevent backflow of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of blood flow through the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Vena cava, Right atrium, Right ventricle, Pulmonary arteries, Lungs, Pulmonary veins, Left atrium, Left ventricle, Aorta, Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the wave created by the spread of atrial depolarisation?

    <p>P wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the elastic tissue in blood vessels?

    <p>To allow the internal blood vessel diameter to expand when blood is pumped through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the clinical condition where the blood supply to the heart is suddenly blocked?

    <p>Heart attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the epithelial tissue in blood vessels?

    <p>To release substances important for control of blood vessel diameter, blood clotting, and immune function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fatty plaques that can block the blood supply to the heart?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of electrical signals through the heart?

    <p>SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers, Ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the venules in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>To receive blood from capillaries and deliver it to veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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