Cardiovascular System Quiz

The area of skin supplied by sensory nerves from a single spinal nerve root.

The projection of an X-ray beam from the back to the front of the body.

The projection of an X-ray beam from the front to the back of the body.

The image of the heart on an X-ray.

The heart positioned on the right side of the body, a mirror image of the normal position.

A rare condition where all organs are on the opposite side of the body from their normal position.

The study of how the heart and its parts appear in a chest X-ray.

Radiographic images are now primarily digital, but were originally made on film.

The common arterial trunk from both ventricles of the embryonic heart, containing four cusps.

The process of the heart's development, starting from the heart tube and progressing through folding, looping, and chamber formation.

The rotation of the heart during embryonic development, resulting in the apex pointing to the left.

The contraction phase of the heart, involving the ventricles pushing blood out into the arteries.

The relaxation phase of the heart, allowing the chambers to refill with blood.

The process of blood flowing back into the heart chambers during diastole.

The valves between the atria and ventricles, allowing blood to flow from the atria to the ventricles during atrial contraction.

The two-step pumping mechanism of the heart, involving atrial contraction followed by ventricular contraction.

The first heart sound, 'lub', heard during the cardiac cycle. It occurs when the atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid) close.

The second heart sound, 'dub', heard during the cardiac cycle. It occurs when the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary) close.

Abnormal sounds heard during the cardiac cycle, often caused by faulty valves.

A medical technique using a stethoscope to listen to sounds produced by the heart.

The technique of tapping on the body to assess underlying structures, like the chest to listen to lung sounds.

Valve located between the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV), allowing blood flow from the RA to the RV.

Valve located between the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV), allowing blood flow from the LA to the LV.

Valve located at the exit of the right ventricle (RV), controlling blood flow from the RV to the pulmonary trunk.

Valve located at the exit of the left ventricle (LV), controlling blood flow from the LV to the aorta.

The heart valves that separate atria from ventricles. Consist of two leaflets with a tension apparatus which helps to control blood flow.

The heart valves that separate ventricles from major arteries. Have three cup-shaped cusps that open and close to regulate blood flow.

The position where you can auscultate the heart valves.

The loudness or intensity of the heart sound, especially the sound made by a specific valve.

A condition where the heart valves do not close completely, allowing blood to flow backwards during contraction (systole).

The backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole, caused by aortic insufficiency.

A condition where ruptured papillary muscles cause a sudden and often fatal heart failure.

The flow of blood from the placenta to the fetus, bypassing the fetal lungs, with oxygen-rich blood being transported through the ductus venosus.

A hole between the right and left atria of the fetal heart, allowing oxygenated blood to bypass the fetal lungs.

The flap which closes the foramen ovale in the fetal heart after birth, preventing blood from flowing between atria.

A remnant of the foramen ovale, a small depression in the interatrial septum of the adult heart.

A blood vessel in the fetal heart that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing blood to bypass the lungs.

A fibrous cord that is a remnant of the ductus arteriosus after birth.

The process of the umbilical arteries closing after birth. The distal parts become the medial umbilical ligaments, while the proximal parts become the superior vesical arteries.

A fibrous cord that is a remnant of the umbilical vein after birth.

The fetal heart receives oxygenated blood from the mother through the umbilical cord, which enters the right atrium.

The pulmonary trunk has high resistance in the fetus because the lungs are not yet functioning, causing blood to be shunted through the ductus arteriosus to the aorta.