Cardiovascular System Quiz

Cardiovascular System (CVS)

• The CVS consists of the heart and blood vessels.
• Blood vessels include arteries and veins.
• The heart pumps blood from the lungs to the rest of the body.
• Blood vessels deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues; carry waste products for elimination.

Important Medical Terms in CVS - Blood Circulation

• Systemic circulation: Blood circulates throughout the body via arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues.
• Pulmonary circulation: Blood moves from the pulmonary artery through vessels in the lungs, then returns to the heart via pulmonary veins, enabling gas exchange.
• Coronary circulation: Blood flows through coronary blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue.

Important Medical Terms in CVS - Blood Vessels

• Aorta: The main arterial trunk, branching from the left ventricle.
• Arteries: Carry blood from the heart to arterioles.
• Arterioles: Receive blood from arteries.
• Capillaries: Tiny vessels connecting arterioles and venules; facilitate exchange.
• Venules: Gather blood from capillaries to veins.
• Veins: Carry blood from venules to the heart.

Important Medical Terms in CVS - Blood Pressure

• Normotension: Normal blood pressure.
• Hypotension: Low blood pressure.
• Hypertension: High blood pressure.

Roots Pertaining to Heart & Blood Vessels

• Heart:
  • Cardiomyopathy: Disease of the heart muscle.
  • Cardiomegaly: Enlargement of the heart.
• Atrium:
  • Interatrial: Between the atria.
• Ventricle:
  • Ventriculotomy: Surgical incision of a ventricle.
• Vessel:
  • Angioplasty: Surgical repair of blood vessels.
  • Angiography: Medical imaging of blood vessels.
  • Vasodilation: Blood vessel widening.
• Vein:
  • Venous: Pertaining to a vein.
  • Phlebotomy: Incision or cutting in a vein.
• Artery:
  • Arterial: Pertaining to arteries.

Roots Pertaining to Blood & Immunity

• Blood:
  • Hemorrhage: Strong flow of blood.
  • Hematology: Study of blood and blood disorders.
• Red Blood Cells (RBCs):
  • Erythrocytosis: Increase in RBC count.
  • Erythropoiesis: Production of RBCs.
• White Blood Cells (WBCs):
  • Leucopenia: Reduction in WBC count.
• Platelets:
  • Thrombocytopenia: Reduction in platelet number.
• Blood clot:
  • Thrombolysis: Dissolving a blood clot.
• Lymphatic/Lymphoid system:
  • Lymphoma: Lymphoid tumor.
  • Lymphadenopathy: Disease in lymph nodes.
• Bone marrow:
  • Myelogenous: Produced in bone marrow.
  • Myelosuppression: Inhibition of bone marrow function.
• Spleen:
  • Asplenia: Absence of the spleen.
• Thymus gland:
  • Thymectomy: Removal of the thymus gland.

Suffixes Pertaining to Blood & Immunity

• Condition of blood:
  • Anoxemia: Lack of oxygen in the blood.
• Decrease/Deficiency:
  • Leucopenia: Decrease in WBC count.
• Formation/Production:
  • Erythropoiesis: Production of erythrocytes.

Training - True or False and Correct

• Lymphadenopathy: A disease of lymph nodes (not the lymphatic system).
• Phlebotomy: Incision in a vein (not an artery).
• Erythropoiesis: Production of red blood cells (True).
• Hematology: Study of blood and blood disorders (True).