37 Questions
Which artery is commonly used as a graft in a Coronary Bypass Operation?
Internal Thoracic Artery
What percentage of all blockages is attributed to the commonly occluded artery?
40-50%
Which coronary artery is most commonly occluded, leading to myocardial infarction?
Right Coronary Artery
What is the definition of myocardial ischaemia?
A sudden decrease in the flow of blood to the heart commonly due to the occlusion of a coronary artery
Which valve is pointed to by the arrow in the diagram?
Aortic Valve
What is the primary cause of angina pectoris?
Myocardial ischaemia
Which artery is dependent on the Coronary Artery Dominance?
Atrioventricular Node Artery
What is the primary function of the Coronary Artery?
To supply blood to the heart muscle
What is true about the sensitivity of the pleura?
The costal pleura and cervical pleura are not sensitive
What passes through the Caval Hiatus?
Inferior Vena Cava and the Left Phrenic Nerve
At which vertebral levels are the Caval Hiatus, Oesophageal Hiatus, and Aortic Hiatus present?
T8, T10, T12
Which nerve innervates the left half of the diaphragm?
Left Phrenic nerve from C3, C4 and C5
Which artery does not supply the diaphragm?
Inferior Vena Cava
What is true about the diaphragm?
The diaphragm receives sensation from the intercostal nerves
What is the term for inflammation of the pleura?
Pleurisy
Which of the following is not a structure that passes through a hiatus in the diaphragm?
Stomach
What type of epithelial cells are present in the trachea?
Pseudostratified cuboidal columnar ciliated cells
What is the alternative name for the vestibular ligament?
False vocal cords
Which cartilage is colored blue in the diagram?
Thyroid cartilage
Which membrane is most commonly penetrated in a laryngotomy?
Cricothyroid
Which is the largest cartilage in the larynx?
Thyroid
What is the primary function of the cells lining the respiratory tract?
Epithelial barrier formation
What is the consequence of damaging the cells lining the respiratory tract?
Chronic cough development
What is the physiological response to the contraction of expiratory muscles?
Increased alveolar pressure
What structures do the diaphragmatic and mediastinal parietal pleurae form a boundary with?
Lungs
What is the main characteristic of the space defined as the mediastinum?
The space between the lungs, within the thoracic cavity
Which plane can be used to subdivide the mediastinum?
Sagittal Plane
What is a condition that may cause the thymus gland to enlarge?
Myasthenia Gravis
Which part of the mediastinum do the oesophagus and thoracic duct pass through?
Posterior Mediastinum
What is a role of the thymus gland?
Maturation of immune cells
Which of the following structures is bounded by the costal and diaphragmatic parietal pleurae?
Pleural cavity
What is the boundary formed by the mediastinal parietal pleura and the diaphragmatic parietal pleura?
Lung surface
Who is NOT listed as a contributor to the Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems (ACRS) Quiz Bank?
Adam Levine
What is the consequence of copying or claiming this work as one's own without proper citation?
Legal action
What is NOT permitted with regard to this Quiz Bank?
Converting into other formats like Anki/Quizlet
How can one contact Elevating Sisters Ltd for permission or inquiries?
By emailing [email protected] and [email protected]
What is the copyright symbol used in the content?
©
Study Notes
Coronary Artery Dominance
- The Sino-Atrial Nodal Artery is dependent on the Coronary Artery Dominance.
Coronary Bypass Operation
- The Internal Thoracic Artery can be used as a graft in a Coronary Bypass Operation.
Myocardial Infarction
- Myocardial infarction is caused by coronary artery occlusion.
- The Right Coronary Artery accounts for 40-50% of all blockages.
Angina Pectoris
- Angina pectoris is caused by myocardial ischaemia.
- Myocardial ischaemia is a sudden decrease in the flow of blood to the heart, commonly due to the occlusion of a coronary artery.
Heart Valves
- The valve pointed to in the diagram is the Pulmonary valve.
Diaphragm
- The Diaphragm is innervated by the Phrenic Nerve, which originates from C3, C4, and C5.
- The Caval Hiatus, Oesophageal Hiatus, and Aortic Hiatus are present at T8, T10, and T12.
- The Inferior Phrenic Arteries supply the Diaphragm.
Respiratory Tract
- The cells lining the trachea are Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelial cells.
- Smoking can damage these cells.
Larynx
- The Vestibular Ligament is an alternative name for the False Vocal Cords.
- The Cricoid Cartilage is the largest cartilage in the Larynx.
- The Cricothyroid Membrane is commonly penetrated in a Laryngotomy.
Mediastinum
- The Mediastinum is the space between the lungs, within the Thoracic Cavity, bounded in front by the Sternum and behind by the Vertebral Column.
- The Mediastinum can be subdivided by the Sagittal Plane.
- The Thymus Gland enlarges in Myasthenia Gravis.
- The Oesophagus and Thoracic Duct pass through the Posterior Mediastinum.
Thymus Gland
- The Thymus Gland has a role in the immune system.
Test your knowledge of arteries and coronary bypass operations. This quiz covers key concepts in cardiovascular medicine.
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