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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the circulatory system?
What is the function of the circulatory system?
The circulatory system pumps blood from the heart to the lungs to get oxygen. The heart then sends oxygenated blood through arteries to the rest of the body. The veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart to start the circulation process over.
The heart is a muscular organ located in the abdominal cavity.
The heart is a muscular organ located in the abdominal cavity.
False (B)
What are the four chambers of the heart?
What are the four chambers of the heart?
- Two atria and two ventricles (correct)
- One atrium and two ventricles
- One atrium and one ventricle
- Two atria and one ventricle
Which of the following is the largest artery in the body?
Which of the following is the largest artery in the body?
What is the function of capillaries?
What is the function of capillaries?
What is the main component of blood?
What is the main component of blood?
What is the role of red blood cells in the body?
What is the role of red blood cells in the body?
What is the function of white blood cells?
What is the function of white blood cells?
What is the role of platelets in the body?
What is the role of platelets in the body?
What is the normal pH range of blood?
What is the normal pH range of blood?
Where is the heart located in the body?
Where is the heart located in the body?
Why is the heart not symmetrical?
Why is the heart not symmetrical?
What are the two types of cardiovascular disease?
What are the two types of cardiovascular disease?
What causes coronary artery disease?
What causes coronary artery disease?
What is another name for myocardial infarction?
What is another name for myocardial infarction?
What is carotid artery disease?
What is carotid artery disease?
What is a pulmonary embolism?
What is a pulmonary embolism?
Flashcards
Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System
The system that circulates blood throughout the body, transporting oxygen, nutrients, and removing waste products.
Heart
Heart
A muscular organ in the chest that pumps blood through the body's circulatory system.
Atria
Atria
The upper chambers of the heart that receive blood returning from the body and lungs.
Ventricles
Ventricles
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Interventricular Septum
Interventricular Septum
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Interatrial Septum
Interatrial Septum
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Right Atrium
Right Atrium
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Right Ventricle
Right Ventricle
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Left Atrium
Left Atrium
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Left Ventricle
Left Ventricle
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Aorta
Aorta
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Arteries
Arteries
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Veins
Veins
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Capillaries
Capillaries
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Blood
Blood
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Plasma
Plasma
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Formed Elements
Formed Elements
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Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary Artery Disease
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Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial Infarction
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Carotid Artery Disease
Carotid Artery Disease
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Pulmonary Embolism
Pulmonary Embolism
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Superior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
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Inferior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
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Deoxygenated Blood
Deoxygenated Blood
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Oxygenated Blood
Oxygenated Blood
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Pulmonary Trunk
Pulmonary Trunk
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Pulmonary Veins
Pulmonary Veins
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Systemic Circulation
Systemic Circulation
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Study Notes
Cardiovascular System Overview
- The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system, pumps blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
- Oxygenated blood is then pumped through arteries to the rest of the body.
- Deoxygenated blood is carried back to the heart by veins to restart the process.
The Heart
- The heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity, responsible for pumping blood.
- It consists of four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.
- The heart is divided into a left and right side by the interventricular and interatrial septum. Each side has one atrium and one ventricle.
Blood Vessels
- Arteries: Thick-walled tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to various parts of the body.
- The aorta is the largest artery, branching into smaller arteries (arterioles).
- Arteries eventually branch into capillaries.
- Veins: Thinner-walled tubes that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
- Two main veins, superior and inferior vena cava, carry blood back to the heart.
- Veins have valves to prevent backflow.
- Capillaries: Microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules.
- Thin walls allow for the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products between blood and body cells.
Blood
- Blood is a constantly circulating fluid that provides nutrients and oxygen to, and removes waste from, all parts of the body.
- It's primarily liquid, with cells and proteins suspended in it.
- The average person has about 5 liters of blood.
- Blood contains plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Blood Components Summary
| Component | Features | Function (Rest) | Function (Exercise) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma | 90% water, 55% of blood volume | Suspends and carries other cells | Passes fluid from blood to body tissues |
| Red Blood Cells (RBCs) | 99% of blood cells | Carry oxygen | Carry carbon dioxide and metabolic byproducts away from muscles |
| White Blood Cells (WBCs) | 1 WBC:700 RBCs, larger than RBCs | Fight infection and disease by destroying bacteria | Increased activity- keep athletes healthy |
| Platelets | 1 platelet: 700 RBCs, very small | Form blood clots at damaged tissue to prevent infection and blood loss | Prevent bleeding when muscle tissue is damaged during exercise |
Blood Properties
- Color: Dark purple (deoxygenated), red (oxygenated).
- Viscosity: Determined by plasma and formed elements.
- Amount: Approximately 5 liters.
- pH: Neutral pH, between 7.35 and 7.45.
Heart Location
- The heart is located in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs.
Cardiovascular Disease
- Coronary Artery Disease: Plaque buildup in the arteries supplying the heart.
- Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): Blockage of blood supply to part of the heart muscle, typically by a piece of fatty material.
- Carotid Artery Disease: Fatty deposits (plaque) block the blood vessels supplying the brain.
- Pulmonary Embolism: A blockage in a main artery in the lungs, often caused by deep vein thrombosis (a blood clot).
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Description
Explore the essentials of the cardiovascular system, including the structure and function of the heart, blood vessels, and the circulation process. This quiz covers key concepts related to how blood flows throughout the body and the roles of arteries and veins in maintaining circulation.
