Cardiovascular System Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?

  • To pump blood throughout the body (correct)
  • To circulate oxygen throughout the body
  • To remove carbon dioxide from the body
  • To regulate body temperature

Which vein carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the heart?

  • Superior vena cava
  • Aorta
  • Pulmonary vein
  • Inferior vena cava (correct)

What is the typical blood pressure reading expressed as?

  • 140/100
  • 130/90
  • 110/70
  • 120/80 (correct)

What is the purpose of the pulmonary circulation?

<p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a blood pressure reading of 140/90?

<p>High blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the valve that separates the right atrium and right ventricle?

<p>Tricuspid valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood vessels have the greatest influence over blood pressure?

<p>Arterioles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is the largest in the body?

<p>Aorta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

<p>To provide the means of exchange through the process of absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood vessels are used to remove blood from the body for analysis?

<p>Veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final destination of the oxygenated blood from the lungs?

<p>Left atrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prevents the backflow of blood in the veins?

<p>Valves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the peak pressure that occurs during the heart's contraction?

<p>Systolic pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the brachial pulse typically located?

<p>Inside the elbow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?

<p>Millimeters of mercury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the instrument used to measure blood pressure?

<p>Sphygmomanometer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical range of systolic pressure in an average adult?

<p>100 to 140 mm Hg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the minimum pressure that occurs between heart contractions?

<p>Diastolic pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the SL valves close?

<p>Ventricular diastole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate cardiac output?

<p>Heart rate x stroke volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased sympathetic stimuli on the heart?

<p>Increase in contractility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the difference between resting and maximal cardiac output?

<p>Cardiac reserve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can decrease contractility of the heart?

<p>Acidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of congestive heart failure?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the atrioventricular valves in the heart?

<p>To prevent backflow of blood into the atria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cardiac muscle that allows it to behave as a single unit?

<p>The presence of intercalated discs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the absolute refractory period in cardiac muscle?

<p>250 ms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the unstable resting potentials that initiate action potentials in autorhythmic cells?

<p>Pacemaker potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the connective tissue that acts as both tendon and insertion in cardiac muscle?

<p>Endomysium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the pulmonary semilunar valve in the heart?

<p>Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dilated cardiomyopathy is a type of congenital heart defect.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atherosclerosis is a type of fibrosis of cardiac muscle.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Coronary artery disease can cause congestive heart failure.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Left side heart failure can cause blood to back up into the lungs as pulmonary edema.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Right side heart failure can cause fluid buildup in the lungs as pulmonary edema.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Angina pectoris is a heart condition caused by a blood clot in the coronary arteries.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Myocardial infarction is a condition where the heart muscle receives insufficient blood supply.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atherosclerosis is a type of valve disorder.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Streptokinase is a type of medication used to treat congestive heart failure.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Angioplasty is a surgical procedure used to treat coronary artery disease.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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