Cardiovascular System Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?

  • To pump blood throughout the body (correct)
  • To circulate oxygen throughout the body
  • To remove carbon dioxide from the body
  • To regulate body temperature

    • Which vein carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the heart?

  • Superior vena cava
  • Aorta
  • Pulmonary vein
  • Inferior vena cava (correct)

    • What is the typical blood pressure reading expressed as?

  • 140/100
  • 130/90
  • 110/70
  • 120/80 (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a blood pressure reading of 140/90?

    <p>High blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the valve that separates the right atrium and right ventricle?

    <p>Tricuspid valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood vessels have the greatest influence over blood pressure?

    <p>Arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is the largest in the body?

    <p>Aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

    <p>To provide the means of exchange through the process of absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood vessels are used to remove blood from the body for analysis?

    <p>Veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final destination of the oxygenated blood from the lungs?

    <p>Left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents the backflow of blood in the veins?

    <p>Valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the peak pressure that occurs during the heart's contraction?

    <p>Systolic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the brachial pulse typically located?

    <p>Inside the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?

    <p>Millimeters of mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the instrument used to measure blood pressure?

    <p>Sphygmomanometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range of systolic pressure in an average adult?

    <p>100 to 140 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the minimum pressure that occurs between heart contractions?

    <p>Diastolic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the SL valves close?

    <p>Ventricular diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate cardiac output?

    <p>Heart rate x stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increased sympathetic stimuli on the heart?

    <p>Increase in contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the difference between resting and maximal cardiac output?

    <p>Cardiac reserve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can decrease contractility of the heart?

    <p>Acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying cause of congestive heart failure?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atrioventricular valves in the heart?

    <p>To prevent backflow of blood into the atria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cardiac muscle that allows it to behave as a single unit?

    <p>The presence of intercalated discs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the absolute refractory period in cardiac muscle?

    <p>250 ms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the unstable resting potentials that initiate action potentials in autorhythmic cells?

    <p>Pacemaker potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the connective tissue that acts as both tendon and insertion in cardiac muscle?

    <p>Endomysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the pulmonary semilunar valve in the heart?

    <p>Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dilated cardiomyopathy is a type of congenital heart defect.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Atherosclerosis is a type of fibrosis of cardiac muscle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coronary artery disease can cause congestive heart failure.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Left side heart failure can cause blood to back up into the lungs as pulmonary edema.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Right side heart failure can cause fluid buildup in the lungs as pulmonary edema.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Angina pectoris is a heart condition caused by a blood clot in the coronary arteries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Myocardial infarction is a condition where the heart muscle receives insufficient blood supply.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Atherosclerosis is a type of valve disorder.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Streptokinase is a type of medication used to treat congestive heart failure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Angioplasty is a surgical procedure used to treat coronary artery disease.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

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